monojit, Author at Adamas University

Geography Unleashed: Exploring the Evolution and Opportunities of Geoinformatics

Gone are the days when Geography was merely about memorizing names of places and geographical features. Today, it’s a dynamic field where geographers are not just observers but questioners. They delve into the intricacies of spatial phenomena, asking where places are, what they’re like, why events occur, who is involved, and how things happen. This shift in approach has not only revitalized Geography but has also opened up a world of opportunities for those passionate about exploration, environmental analysis, community engagement, and even for tech enthusiasts like computer programmers and data scientists.

The integration of Geoinformatics into Geography marked a paradigm shift. Traditionally focused on studying spatial patterns and relationships using maps and physical data, Geography now integrates advanced technologies and data analytics through Geoinformatics. This evolution has expanded the scope of Geography, enabling researchers to delve deeper into spatial analysis, predictive modeling, and real-time monitoring of dynamic phenomena. Geoinformatics has blurred the boundaries between physical and digital landscapes, allowing geographers to explore complex spatial interactions, understand environmental changes, and address societal challenges with unprecedented precision and efficiency. This technological fusion has not only modernized classical Geography but has also created vast job opportunities globally.

Imagine a world where every location, from your favorite pizza place to areas impacted by natural disasters, is seamlessly connected through digital mapping and spatial analysis. This is the realm of Geoinformatics, a field that has revolutionized how we perceive, analyze, and interact with geographical data. At Adamas University, the M.Sc. Geoinformatics program opens doors to a myriad of opportunities in this exciting domain.

Mapping the Future: Geoinformatics isn’t just about maps; it’s about transforming data into actionable insights. From identifying optimal routes for transportation to predicting environmental changes, Geoinformatics professionals play a crucial role in shaping our world’s future.
Diverse Career Paths: A degree in Geoinformatics opens doors to diverse career paths. You could be a GIS Analyst, unraveling spatial patterns for resource management. Or perhaps an Image Analyst, decoding satellite imagery for environmental monitoring. The possibilities are as vast as the data you’ll work with.
Technological Edge: Geoinformatics is at the forefront of technology. You’ll dive into Digital Image Processing, Remote Sensing, and Machine Learning, gaining hands-on experience with tools that drive innovation in fields like agriculture, urban planning, and disaster response.
Research and Innovation: Adamas University fosters a culture of research and innovation in Geoinformatics. You’ll collaborate with experts, dive into cutting-edge projects, and have the opportunity to publish your findings, contributing to the global discourse on spatial science.
Real-World Applications: Geoinformatics isn’t confined to the classroom. Field projects, internships in industry, and visits to research institutes immerse you in real-world scenarios. You’ll see firsthand how your skills can make a tangible impact on issues ranging from climate change to public health.
Specializations for Every Passion: Whether your interest lies in natural resource management, climate modeling, or urban planning, Adamas University offers specializations that align with your passion. You’ll tailor your education to match your career aspirations, setting the stage for a fulfilling professional journey.
Global Connections: Geoinformatics transcends borders. With national and international research collaborations, you’ll be part of a global network of professionals, gaining insights from diverse perspectives and expanding your horizons.
Career Acceleration: The demand for Geoinformatics professionals is on the rise. With Adamas University’s emphasis on industry relevance and practical skills, you’ll be well-equipped to seize exciting career opportunities in public and private sectors alike.

In essence, Geoinformatics is not just a degree—it’s a gateway to a dynamic career where every data point has the potential to drive meaningful change. At Adamas University, the M.Sc. Geoinformatics program empowers you to navigate this ever-evolving landscape, turning your passion for spatial science into a rewarding profession.

Do follow us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/Department-of-Geography-Adamas-University-167269360748113/ , on LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/department-of-geography-adamas-university and on YouTube Channel Today’s Geographers in Adamas University for the recent updates. Geography and Geoinformatics Students at Adamas University will have equal opportunities for pursuing higher studies in aboard, choosing academics, and getting into the corporate world.

Pharmaceutical Technology: The Blessings for Advanced Healthcare

With the release of COVID-19, the focus of the globe has shifted to developing vaccines to combat the coronavirus, leading to a significant increase in the awareness of pharmacy branches. As a result, we can state that no one on the planet can dispute the need for the creation and use of pharmaceuticals and other medications, and as a result, the study of medicine will never be considered out of date.
In the contemporary world, pharmaceutical technology and sciences, encompassing multiple degrees like D. Pharm, B. Pharma, and M. Pharm, is the most renowned undergraduate and graduate programme, particularly in India. Its popularity can be attributed to the vast array of employment opportunities these programmes offer.

The Pharmaceutical Council of India (PCI), an authorized government organisation, fully regulates degree programmes. Pharmacy practices are covered in pharmacy courses, along with the many components of pharmaceutical science and its building blocks, including biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacology, ethics, and many more.

Opportunities & Promises

Since pharmacy is a programme that is entirely focused on careers, graduates and postgraduates have several options. The student can choose to pursue academics and further their education by pursuing an M. Pharm or Ph.D. degree to gain more research expertise. Students can work in a variety of pharmacy-related fields both in India and outside as:

Pharmacovigilance officer/drug safety specialist: this person keeps an eye on a drug’s effects after it has been approved for use, especially to identify and evaluate any side effects that have not yet been reported.
• A chemist, who is a qualified professional who manages all matters pertaining to drugs and medicine.
• Pharmacies and related industries: Private pharmaceutical multinational corporations (MNCs) are made up of many departments, including those responsible for drug manufacture, quality control, quality assurance, and packaging.
• Drug Inspector: An expert who assesses a drug’s quality, efficacy, and effectiveness before taking measures to preserve it.
Quality control analyst: guarantees regulatory compliance and the safety of the medication in a range of scenarios.
Pharmacologist- Examine the effects of medicines on biological processes. To determine what impact particular medications might have on humans by conducting the in-vitro study or in vivo research.
• Health inspectors: Law enforcement personnel who also take other steps to safeguard the public’s health.
A medical/scientific writer is an expert who evaluates a patient based on their medical history and evaluates the risk associated with providing life and health insurance to the policyholder.
• Drug Technician/Licensed Healthcare Provider: Pharmacy technicians assist with prescription processing and handling, drug inventory tracking, and customer and pharmacy records.

Pros of studying at Adamas University to pursue a D. Pharm, B. Pharm, M. Pharm, or Ph.D.

The TIMES-Best institutes for studies 2023 in West Bengal rank Adamas University, located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, seventh among schools of medical and health sciences (SOHMS) and pharmaceutical technology (DOPT). This allows students to pursue degrees in pharmaceutical sciences and technology, including D. Pharm, B. Pharm, M. Pharm (pharmaceutics and pharmacology), and Ph.D.
Credits for theories, practicals, internships with hospitals and pharmaceutical businesses, and project work are all included in the course curriculum. Renowned professors and faculty members provide students with in-depth education in the study areas so they can absorb the concepts properly. The department is fully prepared with innovative lab technology, a dedicated department library, the ability to host both national and international conferences and seminars, and an animal home for drug studies.

The Emergence of Neural Network Engines in the Game of Chess

Neural networks have been increasingly used in the gaming industry in recent years, revolutionizing the way we play, learn, and interact with games. Neural networks can be used in various aspects of game development, including game design, graphics, and game-play. One of the primary uses of neural networks in gaming is in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Game developers use neural networks to create intelligent agents that can learn and adapt to game environments, providing a more realistic and immersive experience for players. These intelligent agents can be used to create more challenging opponents in games, as well as to improve the performance of non-player characters (NPCs) in games.

The emergence of neural network engines in the game of chess has revolutionized the way we approach the game. Chess has been a popular game for centuries, and it has always been associated with strategic thinking and intelligence. In the past, chess engines relied on brute force calculations to determine the best moves. However, with the advancements in machine learning and the development of neural networks, chess engines have become more sophisticated.

Neural network engines use a combination of algorithms and machine learning techniques to analyze and evaluate chess positions. They are capable of analyzing a vast amount of data, including previous games, positions, and strategies, to determine the best moves for any given situation. The neural network engines can also learn and adapt to new situations, which means they can continue to improve and become more accurate over time.

AlphaZero – The Self-Taught Chess Engine that Defeated the World’s Strongest Chess Engine

One of the most famous examples of a neural network engine in chess is AlphaZero, developed by Google’s DeepMind. AlphaZero is a self-taught chess engine that learned to play the game by playing against itself using reinforcement learning techniques. It was able to beat the world’s strongest chess engine, Stockfish, after just four hours of training.

Impact of Neural Network Engines in Chess – New Interest and Advancements in AI Research

The emergence of neural network engines in the game of chess has sparked new interest in the game, as players can now learn from these engines and use their insights to improve their own strategies. It has also led to new research in the field of machine learning and artificial intelligence, as developers continue to explore the potential of these technologies in other areas. Overall, the emergence of neural network engines in the game of chess has been a game-changer, and it will be exciting to see where this technology takes us in the future.

Overall, neural networks have greatly impacted the gaming industry, providing new ways to create, design, and play games. As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovations in the gaming industry through the use of neural networks and other forms of artificial intelligence.

Digitalization in Higher Education Institutions and Scope of Research

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an immense impact on education and learning across the globe. The sudden close-down of educational institutions severely affected the ongoing learning process among students. Despite apprehensions about instant damage control, what rose to prominence was the digital mode of teaching and learning. However, adjusting to this new format or the new learning environment wasn’t an easy task at all. This form of re-imagination or digital revolution is still an ongoing process that requires to be dealt with patience and positive might. In case of Research also digitalization helps a lot to collect data and different information easily.

Integration of technological advancement in classroom set-ups (education) is one among the burning issues that have layed-up critical significance in contemporary times. There has been an initiation to transform the online deliverance of lectures and readdress the traditional foundation of the education sector. Usage of slide screens, smart-boards, projectors, and computers in classrooms is a thumbs up for the students, as they get to acknowledge the concerning areas of study in an effectual manner. Initiation of technology within the classrooms has significantly abated the number of absentees, as they have started enjoying the digitally appealing learning method.

Technology is nowadays conveniently used as an active portal to assess and exchange interpretation, feedback or criticism between instructors and students. Thus, digital technology has been a stirring game-changer in getting under the way of change and remodeling of the teaching-learning process. Digital learning, unlike the traditional ‘white chalk and blackboard teaching’, focuses on technological inclusion in learning- which can be done in a more desirable, personalized and delightful way- by literally initiating learning anytime, anywhere, irrespective of time, place, space and almost with any feasible device. The rising visibility of digital space has proliferated students’ engagement (to a significant extent) as it brings in flexibility. The trial, however, lies in concocting a conducive and appropriate atmosphere or set-up and obtainability of resources that amplify the will of the students to partake in this process of teaching-learning.

Despite the fact that online learning is gathering sensation and popularity among the masses, it is highly debatable whether it is the rightful beneficiary or replacement to the traditional means of education. Holding examinations with the help of proctors or creating a learning environment that is secure and authentic is a significant challenge. Often the academic deliverances suffer backlashes due to lack of inter-participation and low level of motivation in teachers and students. Consequently, ‘digital fatigue’ impacts their respective performances, thus minimizing productivity.

The emergence of the internet as a profound repository of information and knowledge has caused a reversal of the traditional library and transposed it to virtual service environments. However, new-age strategies like ‘digital promotion’ are quite hyped as it engages enrolment in digital courses. Research has reported digital promotions by HEIs for about 26% of online admissions. E-Granthalaya library management system developed by National Informatics Centre (NIC) is a valuable database for library services.

Talking ‘Cloud computing is a technology base that stores data and provides access to multimedia content via the internet. It enables data security owing to network backups. Further, Artificial intelligence (AI) has simplified the teaching methodology and facilitated a personalized learning experience by enhancing adaptability in online learning technologies. Keeping in view the steady rise, cloud computing in HEIs is expected to grow by 26% by 2027.

‘Mixed Reality is an amalgamation of augmented and virtual reality. It has been created with audio-visual techniques to look very identical to the real world. This technique is used to levitate the niche of students in digital gaming, design thinking in engineering, robotics, and training related to medical sciences. Another open-source platform that needs to be discussed is ‘blockchain technology’ where “digital records are stored as a ledger.” It redressed transparency, eliminated corruption and worked towards technological improvements in HEIs.

India has taken some concrete and much-awaited transformational initiatives to truly transform higher education in recent times such as-SWAYAM, SWAYAM Prabha, National Digital Library (NDL), e-Shodh Sindhu, Virtual Labs, e-Yantra, e-Acharya, E-Kalpa, Free and Open Source Software for Education (FOSSEE), e-Vidwan, Spoken Tutorial (a ‘talk to a teacher’ initiative taken by MoE), NAD, BADAL, DigiLocker, e-PG Pathshala, etc.

There are three digital literacy levels: digital competence, professional or discipline application, and innovation or creativity. Here the author described the first level as the ability to use the keyboard, evaluate, critical thinking, intellectual approaches such as consciousness about autodidact, attitude as a learner, as a peer, and perspective about the digital function in our society. The second level is all about the digital competencies in professional sectors. Level three describes the transformation of digital technology by using technology to create something innovative and new.

In India, the digital literacy scenario is like this: more than 35% of citizens use the internet without formal training. For that reason, the government of India 2018 launched a digital literacy programme to provide awareness to mass. The central government stresses the Digital India concept to turn one governance, improve electronic services and products, and produce job opportunities for young Indians. The government is also trying to provide high-speed internet for the digital accreditation of citizens; these aims all are included in National e-Governance Plan (NEGP). The vision of another programme, Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (DISHA) or National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM) to provide awareness and training. There are two levels of training: 1 includes Appreciation of Digital Literacy, which makes a person able to use digital devices like mobile phones and receive or send mail. Level 2 is all about the higher level of training for e-Governance services. Such agencies will organize DISHA as NIOS, IGNOU, and NIELIT.

The scope of research increased due to these facilities.

The novel coronavirus has significantly swapped the dimension of modern-day education, even though digital education is an effective and feasible option in digitally equipped countries. However, there’s a lacuna (concerning this) yet to be filled up in developing or under-developed countries. There is a rising perturb that the involvement of ICT might transform India into an information society. Still, a very poignant question lies herein, if technology alone can improve the standard of higher education in the country!

UNLOCKING THE SECRETS OF EFFECTIVE LEARNING AND TEACHING: A GUIDE FOR ASPIRING EDUCATORS

Introduction: In the vast landscape of Education, the role of a teacher extends far beyond imparting knowledge; it encompasses nurturing minds, fostering growth, and inspiring lifelong learning. Aspiring educators embark on this journey with a fervent passion for making a difference in the lives of their students. However, to truly excel in the field of education, one must explore deeper into the core principles that underpin effective learning and teaching. In this comprehensive guide, we explore the intricate dynamics of learning and teaching, offering insights and strategies that will empower educators to unlock the secrets of educational excellence.

Objectives:

To Educate Aspiring Educators: The primary objective is to provide aspiring educators with a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles underlying effective learning and teaching.
To Explore Core Concepts: Aims to explore core concepts such as the nature of learning, factors influencing learning, learning paradigms, transfer of learning, and organization of learning experiences in depth.
To Empower Educators: By probing into various theories, strategies, and approaches, it seeks to empower educators with the knowledge, insights, and tools they need to create transformative learning experiences for their students.
To Promote Reflective Practice: Through reflection on their teaching practices in light of the concepts discussed, encourages educators to engage in reflective practice and continuously refine their instructional approaches.
To Foster Lifelong Learning: Ultimately, the goal is to inspire a commitment to lifelong learning among educators, equipping them with the skills and mindset necessary to adapt to the evolving needs of their students and the education landscape.

Fundamental Principles: here we will discuss the Fundamental Principles of Effective Learning and Teaching.

Understanding Learning: Learning is a multifaceted process that goes beyond the mere acquisition of information. It involves a series of cognitive and behavioural changes that occur as individuals engage with new concepts and experiences. Understanding the nature of learning as both a process and an outcome is essential for educators to design effective instructional strategies. Moreover, recognizing the various types of learning, including cognitive, affective, and psychomotor, enables educators to tailor their approaches to meet the diverse needs of their students. Additionally, gaining insights into the factors influencing remembering and forgetting, such as encoding, storage, and retrieval, equips educators with strategies for promoting long-term retention and meaningful learning experiences.

Factors Influencing Learning: Motivation serves as a driving force behind learning outcomes, shaping students’ engagement, persistence, and performance. Educators must understand the different types of motivation—whether intrinsic, arising from within the individual, or extrinsic, stemming from external rewards or punishments—and cultivate an environment that fosters a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Furthermore, recognizing the teacher’s pivotal role in addressing various factors influencing learning, such as student engagement, self-efficacy, and goal setting, empowers educators to design instructional interventions that inspire and motivate their students.

Learning Paradigms: Exploring different learning paradigms provides educators with a rich repertoire of theories and approaches to inform their instructional practices. Behavioristic learning theories, such as connectionism and conditioning, focus on observable behaviours and the role of reinforcement in shaping learning outcomes. Cognitive learning theories, including Gestalt theory, discovery learning, and cognitive constructivism, emphasize the role of mental processes and the active construction of knowledge by learners. Additionally, social cognitive learning theories highlight the reciprocal interaction between individuals, their environment, and their behaviour, underscoring the importance of modelling, observation, and self-regulation. Furthermore, social constructivist learning theories, rooted in the work of theorists like Lev Vygotsky, emphasize the role of social interactions and collaborative learning in promoting cognitive development and knowledge construction. Finally, the humanistic viewpoint of learning, as espoused by Carl Rogers, emphasizes the importance of self-directed learning, intrinsic motivation, and the fulfilment of individual potential.

Transfer of Learning: Facilitating the transfer of learning is crucial for ensuring that students can apply their knowledge and skills across different contexts and domains. Educators must understand the concept, importance, and types of transfer of learning, including near transfer, which involves applying knowledge to similar contexts, and far transfer, which involves applying knowledge to novel contexts. Additionally, exploring theories of transfer of learning, such as identical elements theory and generalization theory, provides insights into the mechanisms underlying transfer and informs instructional practices aimed at promoting transferable skills and metacognitive strategies.

Organization of Learning Experiences: Creating effective learning experiences requires careful planning, organization, and implementation. Recognizing the role of schools in providing guidance, promoting mental health, and facilitating co-curricular activities is essential for fostering holistic student development. Moreover, employing strategies for organizing learning experiences for diverse learners, such as differentiation, scaffolding, and Universal Design for Learning (UDL), ensures that every student receives the support and resources they need to thrive. Additionally, incorporating technology-enhanced learning tools and resources, such as educational apps, interactive multimedia, and virtual simulations, expands opportunities for personalized and immersive learning experiences.

Conclusion: In conclusion, unlocking the secrets of effective learning and teaching is a journey of exploration, discovery, and growth. By understanding the intricate dynamics of learning and teaching, educators can create transformative learning experiences that inspire curiosity, ignite passion, and cultivate lifelong learners. Armed with knowledge, insights, and strategies, educators embark on a journey of impact and empowerment, shaping the future of education one student at a time. As aspiring educators, let us embrace this journey with enthusiasm, dedication, and a commitment to excellence. Together, we have the power to unlock the potential of every learner and create a brighter future for generations to come.

Scope of Robotics Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering

The discipline of robotics engineering includes the creation and advancement of robots, autonomous machines, and electromechanical systems. The Department of Mechanical Engineering covers a wide range of topics and has the potential to completely transform the sector of robotics. In the field of robotics, mechanical engineers are essential. To design, develop, build, and maintain robots and robotic systems. This article will guide you to the robotics curriculum in mechanical engineering. The necessary education, employment possibilities, and other topics will be covered. With this information in hand, you will be equipped to pick a career in robotics with confidence.

Robotics courses offered by Mechanical Engineering are extensive and cover the fundamental theories and techniques needed for designed systems to behave intelligently and purposefully. The curriculum includes courses in mechatronics, controls, and robotics, as well as topics such as robot mechanisms, dynamics, and intelligent controls. The educational requirements for a career in Robotics include a bachelor’s or master’s degree in mechanical engineering or electrical and computer Engineering. The discipline of robotics engineering includes the creation and advancement of robots, autonomous machines, and electromechanical systems. The department of mechanical engineering’s robotics engineering program covers a wide range of topics and has the potential to completely transform the sector. In the field of robotics, mechanical engineers are essential. To design, develop, build, and maintain robots and robotic systems, they use mathematics and the sciences. Along with electrical engineering and computer science, mechanical engineering is one of the three disciplines that make up robotics.

One must be familiar with the principles of electrical, software, and mechanical engineering in order to pursue a career in robotics engineering. A career in robotics requires completion of a mixture of high school courses in physics, chemistry, arithmetic, and computer science. A diploma, bachelor’s degree, or B. Tech can all be pursued in robotics engineering. When hired as a mechanical robotics engineer, duties include creating or maintaining robot systems across a variety of sectors.

The Bachelor of Science in Engineering with Robotics program includes the engineering core, six robotics core courses as engineering electives, and six courses as a robotics pathway. The courses in the robotics pathway include topics such as robotics systems, robotics design, robotics control, and robotics applications. The specific course content may vary depending on the university or college offering the program.

Graduates in robotics have a bright future, with chances in fields including healthcare, security, education, space exploration, and autonomous systems for the air, land, and sea. To meet various objectives, the Robotics and Systems Design Area normally makes use of three main competences. A master’s thesis or a course-based track are two options for the 30-credit hour Master of Science in Robotics programme, which is available to students. The robotics curriculum is related to graduate-level courses in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer engineering, and robotics. With this information at their disposal, students may decide with confidence whether to pursue a career in robotics and contribute to the creation of innovative tools for monitoring, controlling, and manipulating systems.

In conclusion, the scope of robotics engineering in the Department of mechanical engineering is vast and has the potential to revolutionize the industry. Mechanical engineers play a crucial role in the field of robotics by designing, developing, manufacturing, and maintaining robots and robotic systems. Pursuing a career in robotics engineering requires a combination of subjects like physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computer science, along with a diploma, bachelor’s, or B. Tech in robotics engineering.

Mathematics offers diversified scopes in the aspect of career opportunities

“Without Mathematics, there’s nothing you can do. Everything around you is a number”

Mathematics is a subject, which can show the path to a number of different scopes. After completing Graduation and/or Post Graduation in Mathematics, doing B.Ed. may open several career opportunities to a learner. COVID-19 pandemic, literally, has brought different threats in front of us. Conducting a regular schooling system is one among many. Introducing online schooling, managing students virtually, and making them engage in the study was like an unknown path to many of the teachers as well as administrators. However, the crisis has been minimized now, but not consummated. Subject, like Mathematics, is a fear file to many school-goers, then and now. Not only having a B.Ed. degree certificate in own bag is enough to minimize the anxiety associated with mathematics learning, one has to use the learned knowledge as well.

Why B.Ed. after UG/PG in Mathematics?

The Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) course will show the path of how to connect Mathematics with the environment, as well as nature.
It helps to learn about different teaching strategies, other than the traditional Lecture and Question-Answer method
helps a would-be teacher to learn the appropriate teaching strategies for explaining a particular topic
Ed. guides a would-be teacher to gain innovative ways to engage the learners in a Mathematics class
shows a way to explain Mathematical concepts and ideas in an easier way
helps to understand that connecting new knowledge to already existing knowledge is how much important for learning Mathematics.
Internship during the course will help the would-be teacher to gain hands-on experience in teaching Mathematics under the supervision of a teacher.

Career Opportunities after having B.Ed. and UG/PG in Mathematics:

TGT/PGT: Since the ancient age, teaching is one of the most sophisticated jobs. After completing UG/PG in Mathematics and B.Ed. one can go for the teaching profession. The scope of being a Mathematics teacher in a school is always open for the prospective teachers, even during the pandemic and post-pandemic time reputed private institutions recruited Mathematics teachers, as the need of the hour is something different. Teaching-learning system is now e-based almost. So, institutions and schools require a number of well-groomed and subject knowledge expert faculties. Managing students over virtual platforms, explaining the subject matter, engaging students, completing the required portion on time as well handling evaluation processes are required at a time. B.Ed., as a professional course, will help one to learn all of those and even one can practice during internship time. The Bachelor of Education degree in India offers compulsory internships in renowned Govt.-aided, private, and even International Schools, which is helpful to learn all the above-mentioned aspects.

To apply for the post of TGT and PGT teachers in Govt., Govt.-aided, and Private schools, having a Bachelor of Education (Two Years, regular) degree is compulsory now. As per the existing curriculum of B.Ed., the would-be teacher must have to select one school subject as the method paper. Those who have UG/PG in Mathematics can select the subject as the method paper, which will guide them to learn different teaching strategies, identify appropriate teaching strategies for a topic, prepare and use teaching-learning materials, etc.

Online Content Creator: In the Post-Pandemic era, the online content development-related job is one of the best. Different educational institutions and coaching centres are ready to recruit experienced as well as fresher Subject Knowledge Experts to develop their content. Mathematics, as a subject, is abstract in nature. That’s why companies required such people who can make Mathematical knowledge more interesting to the children. B.Ed. can help one to flourish as an online content creator. Maximum companies required employees who have B.Ed. degree.

Online Tutoring: In Post-pandemic times, schools are not running in regular ways. Explaining practice-based subjects, like Mathematics, and simultaneously fulfilling all the queries of the learners, clearing all the doubts, and completing the subject matter within time is really challenging for teachers. Naturally, the need for online tutoring arose. After completing the B.Ed. degree, mathematics students can grow their careers as online tutors. There are few reputed sites that can show the path by providing contact numbers of the help seekers. Students having UG/PG degrees in Mathematics and B.Ed. can continue as a freelancer as well as may attach with any reputed companies like Byju’s, Tutopia, or any local company.

To become a freelancer in online Mathematics tutoring, the most in-trend method is to create one YouTube channel and make videos on different topics of Mathematics. B.Ed. will help the video creator to illustrate the subject matter in an easier way. The B.Ed. programme actually helps the trainee-teachers about different teaching-learning models. It helps to prepare an effective plan to utilize the instruction-giving time at its highest level. Concept formation is the most required thing when one is going to teach mathematics over a virtual platform as well as in physical mode. No doubt, this is tougher in virtual mode. B.Ed. will guide about different strategies of concept formation.

Another aspect of the online freelancing tutoring job is to provide private tutoring. Students within India, as well outside of India are help seekers in case of Mathematics learning. Parents are much more conscious about this, today. B.Ed. will help a job-seeker to establish a career. Professional guidance about how to teach, how to explain Mathematics in an easier way, how to conduct a formative evaluation as well as a summative, and what are the needs for conducting a formative and summative evaluation is much more needed thing before starting this job.

Adamas University: Successfully imparting Intelligence using Artificial Intelligence

With simulation of human intelligence in a machine, artificial intelligence (AI)is befitting substantially in our day-to-day life. Human cognitive activity is mimicked through machine learning and it has quietly become ubiquitous in different ways. From very popular movies like A Space Odyssey and Star Wars to thermal imaging in recent COVID-19 pandemic, AI is accustomed as a central core in the digital transformation of society. Each day new algorithms in AI are updated which has a potential to bring enormous changes in near future. This automated technology can bring infinitesimal revolution in everyone’s life.

AI: up scaled the teaching-learning pedagogy in Adamas university

The state of play is also sandbagging us towards the implementation of AI in our day-to-day affairs. Pandemic has already devastated the current education system and with each passing day we are hanging more towards the newer technologies to run the show in a continuous manner. At the very high time newly implemented advanced technologies have been adopted by Adamas University through QS-IGAUGE which certifies the preparedness of the university to conduct online teaching and learning. Our proud moment to receive the prestigious E-learning certification from QS came on 27^th June 2020 and Adamas University is the only renowned private university in east-northeast India to receive this award.

AI at our schools

Every corner of our university is well-equipped with modern facilities. Whether it is related to lab facilities, classrooms or conference rooms. To the tune of these facilities, we can proudly announce and commit that “Yes we can provide quality education to our students”. We have modern news rooms, advanced audio recording facility, Mac lab for editing, high-end cameras, sophisticated biological laboratories, highly equipped computer labs, instrument labs, dispensing pharmacy and physical pharmaceutics lab, pharmacology labs, pharmaceutical analysis labs etc. included in the lab infrastructure of different schools and AI is acting as a cornerstone in the establishment of all these laboratory infrastructures.

Students are practising AI in their projects

Teachers of Adamas University through advanced curriculum and experimental learning have well trained their students in advance to tackle all the upcoming future challenges and definitely they are going to shine in their future with this type of teaching learning process. One live example for the above statement is one of our bright students named Ankit from department of computer Science and Engineering. They have committed with the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) on detection of Parkinson’s disease with the use of AI. In 2019 Rahul Sarkar student of Electrical Engineering Department of school of Engineering and Technology has implemented AI in his project entitled Smart Vehicular Automation system and awarded a bronze medal in the 50^th All India student design competition-2019. The list of such students is endless which has gratified our university with their intelligence using artificial intelligence.

We are successfully running Robotics and artificial Intelligence clubs

We have solely constituted robotics and artificial intelligence clubs which are organising hands-on workshops and conferences emphasising on the basics and advancements of the AI. Very recently on September 6th, 2019 Adamas Robotics and artificial intelligence club has organized a one-day Hands-on Workshop on “Robogyan” for Adamas World School.

AI in our habits

Our day in Adamas starts with AI at the entrance where regularly temperature has been checked with non-contact thermal imaging system. Implementation of biometric punching machine for head counting, making use of biometric system during lunch hour in canteen, operating automated coffee machines, use of food vending machines, all these seems to be a minute part of AI but it has automated our habits very efficiently.

AI in removing international boundaries from Education

AI has made online education even more wide spread than ever before. AU is also not behind in this aspect. The Pandemic has not stopped the university to provide an international level of education to its students. The Department of Pharmaceutical Technology has organised international e-conference namely “Changing waves in Healthcare Research: Focus of Post Covid Era” in the month of April’ 21. Mentioning just the name of only one conference has not stopped the list there. The list of e-conferences and webinars conducted by AU is endless.

Looking forward in the development of efficient automated tool using AI to conquer the deadly devil (Covid-19)

In the era of Covid-19 we are wondering more about the devastated situation of the mankind and for the welfare of human being our university has taken a bold step to conquer the devil using artificial intelligence. Adamas University recently partnered with Elmax Systems & Solutions (ESS) to develop an automated detection and diagnostic tool to detect the Novel coronavirus disease.

Helmut Schmidt has rightly said “The biggest room in the world is the room for improvement”. AU also believes that there is always a scope of challenging the present situation for the development of the University and rigorously works towards the same to cope up with the present hardships.

At this pandemic situation where, entire system is suffering with conditional hardships, Adamas university has proven its technological capabilities well in advance by receiving the QS IGAUGE E_LEAD certificate which defines the adaptability and achievement of the university to conduct the online classes. Therefore, it is needless to mention that AU is always ready to accept challenges to improve the virtual education system and thus, it is believed that in near future also the university will take all necessary steps to achieve the excellence.

THE NANO SCIENCE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION IN TREATING CANCER

Nanoscience involves the study of the control of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. This molecular level investigation is at a range usually below 100 nm. In simple terms, a nanometer is one billionth of a meter and the properties of materials at this atomic or subatomic level differ significantly from properties of the same materials at larger sizes. Although, the initial properties of nano materials studied were for its physical, mechanical, electrical, magnetic, chemical and biological applications, recently, attention has been geared towards its pharmaceutical application, especially in the area of drug delivery. According to the definition from NNI (National Nanotechnology Initiative), nanoparticles are structures of sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm in at least one dimension. However, the prefix “nano” is commonly used for particles that are up to several hundred nanometers in size. Nanocarriers with optimized physicochemical and biological properties are taken up by cells more easily than larger molecules, so they can be successfully used as delivery tools for currently available bioactive compounds.

Cell-specific targeting can be achieved by attaching drugs to individually designed carriers. Recent developments in nanotechnology have shown that nanoparticles (structures smaller than 100 nm in at least one dimension) have a great potential as drug carriers. Due to their small sizes, the nanostructures exhibit unique physicochemical and biological properties (e.g., an enhanced reactive area as well as an ability to cross cell and tissue barriers) that make them a favorable material for biomedical applications. It is difficult to use large size materials in drug delivery because of their poor bioavailability, in vivo solubility, stability, intestinal absorption, sustained and targeted delivery, plasma fluctuations, therapeutic effectiveness etc. To overcome these challenges nanodrug delivery have been designed through the development and fabrication of nanostructures. Nanoparticles have the ability to penetrate tissues, and are easily taken up by cells, which allows efficient delivery of drugs to target site of action. Uptake of nanostructures has been reported to be 15–250 times greater than that of microparticles in the 1–10 um range. Nanoparticles can mimic or alter biological processes (e.g., infection, tissue engineering, de novo synthesis, etc. These devices include, but not limited to, functionalized carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, self-assembling polymeric nano constructs, nanomembranes, and nano-sized silicon chips for drug, protein, nucleic acid, or peptide delivery and release, and biosensors and laboratory diagnostics. Various polymers have been used in the design of drug delivery system as they can effectively deliver the drug to a target site and thus increase the therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side effects. The controlled release (CR) of pharmacologically active agents to the specific site of action at the therapeutically optimal rate and dose regimen has been a major goal in designing such devices. The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to a NP matrix and depending upon the method of preparation, nanoparticles, nanospheres or nanocapsules can be obtained. Nanocapsules are vesicular systems in which the drug is confined to a cavity surrounded by a unique polymer membrane, while nanospheres are matrix systems in which the drug is physically and uniformly dispersed. Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as potential drug delivery devices in view of their applications in the controlled release of drugs, their ability to target particular organs/tissues, as carriers of DNA in gene therapy, and in their ability to deliver proteins, peptides and genes through a per oral route of administration. Recent advances in the application of nanotechnology in medicine, often referred to as nanomedicine, may revolutionize our approach to healthcare. Cancer nanotechnology is a relatively novel interdisciplinary area of comprehensive research that combines the basic sciences, like biology and chemistry, with engineering and medicine. Nanotechnology involves creating and utilizing the constructs of variable chemistry and architecture with dimensions at the nanoscale level comparable to those of biomolecules or biological vesicles in the human body. Operating with sub-molecular interactions, it offers the potential for unique and novel approaches with a broad spectrum of applications in cancer treatment including areas such as diagnostics, therapeutics, and prognostics.

Nanotechnology also opens pathways to developing new and efficient therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment that can overcome numerous barriers posed by the human body compared to conventional approaches. Improvement in chemotherapeutic delivery through enhanced solubility and prolonged retention time has been the focus of research in nanomedicine. The submicroscopic size and flexibility of nanoparticles offer the promise of selective tumor access. Formulated from a variety of substances, nanoparticles are configured to transport myriad substances in a controlled and targeted fashion to malignant cells while minimizing the damage to normal cells. They are designed and developed to take advantage of the morphology and characteristics of a malignant tumor, such as leaky tumor vasculature, specific cell surface antigen expression, and rapid proliferation.

Nanotechnology offers a revolutionary role in both diagnostics (imaging, immune-detection) and treatment (radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and anti-angiogenesis). Moreover, nanoparticles may be designed to offer a multifunctional approach operating simultaneously as an effective and efficient anticancer drug as well as an imaging material to evaluate the efficacy of the drug for treatment follow-up. In recent years, nanomedicine has exhibited strong promise and progress in radically changing the approach to cancer detection and treatment.

Physical Science- Career prospects to help in winning the games of thrones

Physicists are trying to discover the laws that govern inanimate objects. Possible occupations include geologists and chemists. Geologists study Earth’s composition and processes to gather information about the Earth’s present, past, and future, while chemists study the atomic and molecular aspects of matter and how these materials react with each other. As geologists, students use tools to collect samples of rocks, oil, or minerals, study those samples in a laboratory, and collect and interpret data. As chemists, students are more likely to engage in basic or applied research, testing interactions between elements, or working on new products. The following table provides education, qualifications, and employment information for geoscientists and chemists.

	GEOSCIENTIST	CHEMIST
Degree Required	Bachelor’s for entry-level work; Master’s or Ph.D. for research positions	Bachelor’s for entry-level work; Master’s or Ph.D. for research positions
Education Field of Study	Geosciences, mathematics, physics	Chemistry
Key Skills	Critical thinking, interpersonal, outdoor, problem-solving	Analytical, mathematical, organizational, problem-solving
Projected Job Growth (2020-2030)	7%*	7%*
Median Salary (2020)	$93,580*	$79,300*

Source: *U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Higher studies in Physical Science: Physics refers to the field of science that includes the study of inanimate objects such as matter and energy. Common areas of physical science include physics, chemistry, geology, and astronomy. Students can choose from a wide range of associate and bachelor programs in physics. For example, students can earn an associate’s degree in physics (AS) or an associate’s degree in chemical engineering (AAS). General undergraduate program students can choose from astronomy and astrophysics, geology and geophysics, earth sciences, physics and chemistry. Students must earn a Ph.D. in Philosophy to qualify for research positions in physics, chemistry, astronomy, and other physical sciences. PhD programs in Chemistry, Physics, Astronomy, Materials Science, Geology or Atmospheric Science are widely available. If students decide to get a PhD. in chemistry or physics. Students are more likely to focus on graduate studies in specific areas of the broader science. For example, students may focus on organic chemistry, inorganic or ORGANOMETALLIC chemistry, physical chemistry, particle physics, and optics or condensed matter physics.

Professional career Availability: The students have many career options in the field of physical science. Regardless of which field of physical science the students choose, always have the option of conducting basic research and teaching courses at a research university or simply instructing at a teaching university or community college. If the students choose to pursue a career in chemistry, they will also have the option of conducting research in pharmaceutical, chemical, biotech, petroleum and other consumer products industries. On the other hand, if the students choose to become a materials scientist, the students could find employment with companies that manufacture plastics and other polymers, semiconductors, electronics and chemicals. If the students choose the physics route, the students could work for companies that design and manufacture lasers, imaging equipment and other scientific instruments, as well as looking for opportunities with defense contractors and companies that sell data analysis software. As physicists or astronomers, students may also conduct research at national laboratories or federal agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Alternative career from the field of Physical Science: If a career in physical science isn’t for the students, the students may choose to work in a different field of science. One such option is agricultural and food science. Scientists in this field research ways to effectively grow and protect crops and farm animals, study soil health and work on efficiency with food products. The students may also wish to consider the field of environmental science where the students will work to take care of the environment through cleaning up pollution, working with those who make government policies and eliminating excess waste. A bachelor’s degree will be needed for an entry level position in all of these fields, though, master’s degrees are often required if the students wish to advance.

In Life Sciences & Environment– The disciplines in this field, such as ecology, overlap to a large extent with the fields of physics, such as hydrology, geology, and soil science. Graduates of the Faculty of Science can continue their studies in the fields of ecology and the environment and enter related careers.

In Education and Training- With postgraduate and doctoral qualifications in physical science disciplines, careers in the academic field can be taken up.

In Civil Services and Defense– Physical Science graduates can enter a variety of civil servants after taking the civil service examination and entering the civil service, or after passing an examination administered by the civil service committee.

In Engineering– Postgraduate students in certain fields of physics can enter engineering through the GATE exam, which can help them pursue M Tech.

Governments across the world and private sector firms are giving an increasing priority to the research and development in the field of physical sciences. Hence the opportunities in the field are also growing in general. However some areas like particle physics, nanotechnology, astrophysics, and bio-analytical chemistry will grow comparatively faster. Graduates in physical sciences have different career options in manufacturing companies, labs, R&D organizations and government agencies. Since the field is more or less research oriented, a PhD would be very vital for career growth. And if the student gets a PhD in academia, he has a lot of options.