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Tag: learning

WHY DO WE NEED TO STUDY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION?

When you think of “public administration,” you may visualize managing budgets for a local government, transportation department or improving the efficiency of a public health division at local level or at most an optional subject for writing civil services exam. But the fact is, the role of a public administration demonstrates the government and self-government in its new political and economic conditions.  The primary focus of public administration solely relies on providing public services but not limited to traditional services such as health care, transport services and municipal.  In the realm of public administration, there are many challenges and complex issues that are faced on a daily basis and perhaps sometimes longer.  Studying public administration provides numerous avenues towards transforming and implementing change. The ability to choose from diverse occupations in a wide variety of industries is just one of several benefits of studying public administration.

B.A. in Public Administration is a three-year undergraduate programme which deals with a study of subjects such as administration, public dealings & organizations, and constitutional framework. The students during their coursework learn about policies and programmes of the government and gain knowledge about democratic values of the country. The curriculum covers a wide range of topics. With your degree, you can pursue a career that lets you champion important issues and bring about meaningful change. During your education, you’ll develop critical leadership skills that will help you throughout your life. In your career, you’ll collaborate with highly skilled people in many public administrator roles, which will further widen your horizon in the field of administration. Similarly, for graduates with a master’s degree in public administration, there are many career possibilities that might not come to mind right away. A public administrator plans, organizes, directs, coordinates and controls operations in a government office, private company or non-profit organization. This can be in positions as diverse as that of a community health director or the budget director at an environmental justice non-profit organization. With a Ph.D. in public administration, you could work as a senior policy analyst in any government agency including Indian Institute of Public Administration, National Institute of Disaster Management, Indian Institute for Rural Development and many more. No matter what degree level you pursue, you’ll have the chance to enter a rewarding career where you can effect positive change for individuals, communities, and the general public.

Today in the world where the resources are scarce and there is a dire need for sustainable development, study of public administration will help to find a solution for economical, effective and efficient utilization of these resources. Not only this the knowledge of public administration helps to find a link between the policy-making (government institutions) and policy implementation at grass-root level, it gives us the clear picture of gap between the requirements of the people and the actual policy.

As you study for your MPA (Masters in Public Administration), you’ll gain a comprehensive education in diverse subjects—from strategic planning to non-profit organization sponsorship to electronic governance and beyond. In the process of two-year program, you’ll be able to discover which areas interest you the most. An MPA program with a wide-ranging curriculum and internship opportunities will provide an important breadth of knowledge and hands-on experience. As you study public administration, it not only advances your career but strengthens the community in which you work. As public administration student, you’ll be able to gain valuable leadership skills that employers seek for. According to Forbes magazine, key leadership skills include adaptability, transparency, empathy, flexibility, humility, confident communication, emotional intelligence and commitment to a vision1. Further, you’ll learn to set goals and inspire positivity in the workplace. With comfort in these skills, you can encourage others to achieve lasting results and make the world a better place.

Throughout your program at bachelors as well as at masters level, you’ll have the opportunity to interact with veteran professionals in fields such as public service, state legislature, public policy and urban politics, education and immigration policy, community development and non-profits, health and behavioural management, and family and child well-being through various seminars, webinars, special lectures, internship etc You’ll find enthusiastic, passionate people working together to improve peoples’ lives in a wealth of areas, from climate change and social justice to racial equality, affordable housing and community development. Direct experience in the field, such as an internship, boosts a student’s resume and increases their job prospects even after graduation, which is one of the most important highlights of Adamas University with a dedicated Career Development Cell. After completion of course, you’ll be prepared to move into a leadership role in which you can mentor like-minded individuals and see your ideas and theirs come to realization.

Career Prospect Post-Pandemic: Film & Television

Everyone wants her or his name on banners, billboards, social media sites, television and newspapers – if you think it is tough, it is. However, if you think it is impossible, it is not.

The world of audio-visual production is undergoing a stark change, especially after the pandemic – the old structure of film-funding-making-distribution-exhibition is slowly fading away. New avenues are created, new paths are laid for such purposes.

Adamas University’s post-graduate program of M.A. in Film and Television is the course that realises one’s dream to be a filmmaker. With four dedicated semesters with courses covering both theoretical and practical aspects of filmmaking, the aspiring student will have the following ‘out-of-the-box’ career options at her/his disposal:

  1. Feature Filmmaker
  2. Documentary Filmmaker
  3. Short Filmmaker
  4. Corporate Filmmaker
  5. Advertisement Filmmaker

There are other avenues of the audio-visual industry, which might entice a youngster with promising career prospects. They are:

  1. Script Writing
  2. Assistant Director
  3. Script Supervisor
  4. Cameraperson
  5. Executive Producer
  6. Sound Designer
  7. Sound Recordist
  8. Editor
  9. Colourist
  10. Gaffer

Apart from these industry-oriented careers, M.A. in Film and Television and B.A. in Media Technology also come with an assurance of a career in academia. They are:

  1. Researcher
  2. Assistant Professor
  3. Subject Coordinator / Specialist

Primary Career Aspects in Details

  1. Feature Filmmaker

Filmmakers are one of the most popular faces and celebrities of the world – yes, more than a doctor or an engineer. It is not always about the paycheck that is collected at the end of the month, but it is all about what life can give you, and what you can give to life, and to the lives of the others. Filmmaking is a not a ten-to-five job. This profession aspires a lot of love, philosophy and of course, once the filmmaker is on track, he does not have to look back.

  1. Documentary Filmmaker

Documentary Filmmakers’ lives are not entirely different from the previous one, and more than often they are the same because a filmmaker makes all kinds of films. But the only difference that we can feel is that the documentary filmmaker is more accustomed to the realities of his world he is capturing on his camera and representing, and has a certain sincerity to the research and excavate the truth that she or he wants to unravel.

  1. Short Filmmaker

Short films are like poetry in comparison to the features, which are more like novels in their genealogy. However, shorts films are the launching pad for any filmmaker as they are mostly independent films and provide a rich portfolio or show reel for you!

  1. Corporate Filmmaker

Corporate filmmaking is a long advertisement made for a corporate company instead of a product or service as in advertisement. In the post pandemic era, this has become more than necessity because a company or a brand has to reach out to people instead of people reaching out to them.

  1. Advertisement Filmmaker

Ad filmmakers have an exciting as well challenging life to bring out the best of the ideas on audio-visuals, which will stick to the audience’s mind. Ad filmmakers are the best liars who are successful in reality.  

  1. Script Writing

Script is the heart of a film, series, serial and an ad. One has to know the art of writing to have engaging script. This demands the ideas of literature, music, history, politics and most importantly -emotional quotient along with a critical and thinking mind. This is the reason why the PG and UG programmes of Entertainment Media have courses on literature, theatre and music.

  1. Assistant Director

Assistant Directors are the most important second in command in a film who eventually evolves to be a director.

  1. Script Supervisor

They are the script experts, or to be precise, script-doctors. There are certain nuances, character and narrative arcs, developments in narratives in terms of three act-structures, development of plot points, hooks and references that are used, or rather planted in a script to make it more appealing.

  1. Camera person

Camera person, or DOP, needs to have a clear understanding of what the script and the director wants. If the director decides what shot and frame will be in a shot, the DOP decides how to create that particular shot to make it mesmerizing for the audience.

  1. Executive Producer

Executive Producers (EPs) have to have a thorough idea of the filmmaking process and have to control a production. Starting from the pre-production process till the end of post-production, an EP coordinates and controls the creative aspect of the entire production as bridge between the production company and the directorial team.

  1. Sound Designer

Sound is an area that is does not gain so much of attention except for those who are in the film industry. Sound is more complicated than visuals. In order to tell a story properly, any production requires a sound designer, who would take each and every aspect of sound into consideration – diegetic (the sound which has its source inside the narrative) and extra-diegetic (the sound that does not come from the physical aspect of the narrative, but psychological) and design it at the level of the script.

  1. Sound Recordist

In most of the cases, sound designer is the sound recordist. To be precise, a sound recordist has to record sound on and off the location, along with post-production sound.

  1. Editor

Editor of any audio-visual is the person who joins shots, puts transitions – in short, weaves images into a single strand we call a narrative. Editors are as important as the Cinematographers.

  1. Colourist

Colourists, similar to editors, balance colours and make the final output look charismatic. Colourists are one of the significant people in the post-production process of any film.

  1. Gaffer

Gaffer is the chief lighting technician of a film. The role of the gaffer is slowly gaining immense significance in India since the Indian film industry has realised the significance of light in a nay production that can change the mood, tempo and even the narrative arch

  1. Researcher

Project Fellowship, PhD, Post Doctoral degree and other such commissioned projects from various institutions, universities of India and Abroad along with the Film Archive of Pune and Online MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) projects always require academic scholars of film, media, society and culture. Film and Television Studies encourages academic research as well as film criticism.

  1. Assistant Professor

Strictly academic, post-graduates of Film and Television students can dedicate their career to academic streams where the scholar can teach and train students in various colleges and universities in subjects like audio-visuals, advertisements, film and film making, film studies, cultural studies and so on.

  1. Subject Coordinator / Specialist

As mentioned above, a number of career opportunities have evolved for the freelance researchers and subject specialists in audio-visual medium. There are online courses. MOOCs like SWAYAM, Coursera, LinkedIn and a host of other evolving companies require subject experts and coordinators for creating academic content, images and even video contents for various subjects of media and other overlapping subjects

  1. Graphic Designer

Someone with an interest in software and creation of computer generated images and design can choose the career of a designer or an illustrator. As we are in a world that is dominated by the world of images as primary information vis-a-vis communication, the requirements for good designers (who can use pen, software, or any form) to communicate through visuals and designs (like illustrators in ad agencies) are acute. As we are speeding up in the information highway, designers are becoming an integral part for any industry.

  1. Animators

Animators create a world of their own. A number of television, OTT, film and ad productions always feel the need for an efficient animator. Apart from this, an animator can be an independent filmmaker on her or his own right on the basis of his skill of creating animation, both 2D and 3d although the latter is gaining more prominence.

Secondary / Tertiary Career Aspects

Courses on Media, Film and Television open up Pandora’s box. If the above 21 career paths were primary options for someone pursuing MA in Film and TV and BSc in Media Technology, there are uncountable secondary and tertiary career options open.

If someone has a flare for writing (both the courses thrust on writing skills – both creative and reportage), she or he can explore the options for:

  1. Film Critic
  2. Film Journalist
  3. Content Writer
  4. Promotional Video Maker
  5. Professional Blogger
  6. Professional Vlogger
  7. Social Media Strategist
  8. Social Media Manager
  9. Photographer
  10. Designer
  11. Radio Programmer
  12. Actor

Industries Open for our Students

Since film, media, television and culture are overlapping with technology, communication, business, information technology and print and even theatre, a graduate or a post-graduate student with these two courses (both or any one of them) have the key to work in the following industries:

  1. Film Industry i.e. Production houses, as Indie Independent) films
  2. Television Industry, i.e. TV channels, TV production houses
  3. Advertisement Agencies
  4. OTTs
  5. Newspaper Agencies
  6. Social Networks
  7. PR Agencies
  8. Colleges and Universities
  9. All Business Processing Outsource (BPO) companies and Knowledge Processing Outsource companies (KPO)
  10. Online Course Creation companies

Afterword

It should always be borne in mind that someone who chooses MA in Film and Television or B.Sc in Media Technology can easily fathom the depths of cultural representations including cinema, television, literature and other arts with a little effort and self-persuasion. We believe that such a scholar or a film and TV expert that this programme will produce can venture on their own. From running their own online companies to being indie filmmakers, they can do whatever they want.

These two courses do not tell you what you have to do. Rather, these two courses empower you to dominate the world through your own key of creativity. It is often said that a course trains its students according to the industry need. However, we think a little further – these courses create students not according to the dictates of the industry (which is always changing), but creates such leaders who can mould the industry and the way industries work. These courses believe in the creative freedom of the individual, which will help them to get into, mould and lead any industry they want.

Post-COVID Alteration of Teaching-Learning Process in Chemistry

It’s no secret that many students and educators struggled to adjust to last year’s rapid change to remote learning. Both groups faced a variety of obstacles, including lost lab time and increasing knowledge gaps, as well as learning loss and disengagement. 

As a result, it’s unclear how much mastery pupils gained in their classes during the pandemic, and how much retention they’ll show when we return to class. Which begs the question: how can chemistry teachers prepare themselves (and their students) for success with a new school year approaching and so much uncertainty still hanging in the air? 

Challenges To Be Faced In 2022

With so much ambiguity surrounding immunizations, the constant threat of new variations, and the general health concerns linked with in-classroom learning, educators must adapt at breakneck speed. This might result in abrupt changes to curriculum design or the need to plan for unexpected changes in teaching approaches. 

As a result of this unprecedented demand on educators, one out of every four instructors polled said they were considering retiring by the conclusion of the 2020-2021 school year. This could result in a last-minute shortage of certified instructors for higher college courses such as chemistry, which require specific skills to teach. 

From the perspective of the students, many are trapped between wanting to keep themselves and their loved ones safe by staying at home and grappling with the many limits that a year of remote learning imposed. For a variety of reasons, staying at home may also imply sacrificing their level of mastery (access or familiarity with technology, difficulty staying engaged, etc). 

Chemistry Education Has Evolved

In 2022, there will be more alternatives for remote teaching than ever before (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Google Classroom to name a few). While these tools are great for remote meetings, they lack the kind of functionality that helps teachers teach highly conceptual (and technical) subjects like chemistry. 

Fortunately, the rise of new educational technologies has been one of the most favourable things to occur in the recent 12 months. Beyond the basics of remote access, new technologies that focus on active learning and skill development have been fast emerging and will only improve in the future. This opens up a whole new world of possibilities for bridging learning gaps and engaging students more effectively. 

Possibilities For the Future

In 2022, teaching will entail being prepared to recognise and address student knowledge and learning gaps while also incorporating flexibility and adaptability into your course design. It also entails utilising chemistry-specific, student-centred instructional technology tools, such as Active Chemistry, to provide students with actively engaging information, concept visualisation, and practise. 

Finally, instructors that incorporate a student response mechanism that can be used both in-person and online will be ahead of the game and prepared for any eventuality. 

MBA in Business Analytics- A New Career Path for Management Professionals

Day by day the industry structures are changing. In the same way markets are also changing and markets become more customized focus than mass focus. If we look into the promotional aspects of marketers, their objective is not to inform the consumers but they try to develop attention and convert the attention into addiction. With the help of new technology like artificial intelligence, machine learning, internet of things and big data analytics, marketers are evaluating prospects needs and wants and designing their products or services which is more inclined to satisfaction of customer desires. So, the ultimate goal of the current marketer not to understand their requirement from the retailers rather develop the market plan which is fit to customers. Therefore, it is important for business professional for redesign market policy and predict the market situation in regular basis. Looking into this thought in mind, we also observed that job of marketing manager become market forecast professionals which help them to understand market rhythm and changing market prospect in very faster way. Design their offering in such way which is more addiction nature than seasonal buying.  If customers become addicted towards a company offering, then repeat purchase happens easily. This concept now going to be the mantra in market in post pandemic era where customers are more preferring digital buying than physical buying pattern. In this connection, it is concern for business professionals to develop their skill which is more on analytical base rather simple selling methods. Therefore, business analytics is a program which give all round development of analytical skills which helps business professionals to understand, to predict and to solve customer problem in better and accurate manner.  

Conceptual framework of business analytics

Analytics have been classified into three parts descriptive, predictive and prescriptive. Descriptive analytics analyze the past event of the firm in various domain which help marketers to understand the business situation. Predictive analytics create detailed forecast of business situation and point out the area where business system fails. It helps marketer to take proper actions on those area where business process needs to develop for getting better sustainability. Prescriptive analytics give an insight regarding the possible action which can be appropriate for different business situation. It helps firms to make a better decision by optimizing result comes from descriptive and predictive and also recommend the associated risk involved in the process. It develops a sustainable model that can be applied to decision making in business.  Therefore, it is obvious to understand a business problem, analytics become most necessary methods in current context where switch over tendency of the consumers are high as because variety of market offering. In the new normal situation, the urge and need of marketer to analytics professionals are very high because in normal eyes, it is very difficult for marketers to reach into actual business problem and operational process of marketing is not limited to few routes. 

Importance of Business Analytics program 

Business analytics program covers a wide area of analytical application. It starts with maintain database of clients, vendors, employees, inventory, suppliers, product orders and service requests of the firm which is in unstructured fashion and make it structure. It also gives the desire methods for analyzing data. Business analytics helps professionals to make proper representation of data using visualization tools, analyze the data using various software like R, Python, Excel, SPSS, Hadoop. This program also helps professionals to understand the problem with proper logic and what tools should be appropriate to make proper prediction of business problem. This analytical tool helps marketer to design their products offering, seasonal offering, promotional methods, sales forecast, inventory management, forecasting of the firms. The analytics also help to select possible methods for sustainable business practices using modern tools like artificial intelligence, machine learning etc. This program makes students more logical based decision mind which help the to dragonize business in faster way and give some immediate solution to business which is more needed in the current situation. Uses of social media analytics, web analytics is being done through the program.  

Opportunities for Analytics Professionals in Market

The demand for business analysts is very high among companies, small-scale options, and enterprises. Different sources estimates reveal that the job market for business analytics will grow at a CAGR of 14.3% by 2026. Companies are willing to pay higher salaries to analysts, especially certified expert-level professionals like MBA in Business Analytics or Executive Analytical Program. There is study by Mckinsey which mentioned a huge requirement of data scientist in India in next few years and companies are ready to offering a good package for the data analyst. As the figure near about 200000, therefore, most corporates are staring at a talent crunch and provide training to the workforce to manage their industry issues. In India, the analytics industry is predicted to grow in huge volume and industry is predicting that marketer size can increase by $111.7 billion by 2026 which is good signal for the professionals who are on the way to build their career as a data scientist.  

These demand covers diversified area of business operations and few areas of business where business people need more analyst and opportunities. Therefore, an analyst professional can explore their career as a  

  1. Data scientist in bond market  
  2. Agriculture business analyst 
  3. Medical methodology (Health care analytics) 
  4. Human Resource Analytics 
  5. Stock Marketing 
  6. Finance Marketing 
  7. Manufacturing industry 
  8. Supply chain analytics in logistics firm and more. 

The above discussion gives us a clear picture that there is huge demand of data analytics/ data scientist peoples as because most of the firms design their business decision based on data driven rather traditional approach. So, if students select a program like MBA in Business Analytics, it will surely give them competitive advantage in their career growth and opportunities.   
 

References: 
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/analytics-driving-demand-for-learning-growth acrosssectors/ articleshow/88890272 .cms?utm_ source=content of interest & utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst 

How has the Career Prospects of Teachers changed Post Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way people look at job markets globally during 2020. The short-term consequences were sudden and often severe: Millions of people were furloughed or lost jobs, and others rapidly adjusted to working from home as offices closed. Many jobs was classified as essential and such service people continued to work especially in hospitals, banks  and grocery stores, on garbage trucks and in warehouses though with a lot of rules and protocols to reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus. 

Education was one sector which saw a drastic change and had to adopt to a new normal – Virtual teaching. Though schools and colleges were shut, learning and teaching had to continue as everyone realized that this pandemic would last more than a couple of months. So, teaching went online, and classrooms went empty. Students could have live or recorded classes as per their convenience. Learning thus went beyond boundaries of the four walls.  

This trend had a disastrous effect of the jobs of educators. Many institutes  downsized their staff as they felt that due to the absence of physical teaching, so many teachers were not required. Many colleges and schools had pre-recorded sessions which they could play multiple times without having to have a physical teacher. In a matter of months across the world, there were many unemployed teachers. 

But that did change in a very short time. Students and parents realized the downside of online education. In the absence of a physical connect, personal doubts and questions were not getting answered.  Also the students started to miss the physical classroom and peer group they were used to. Due to this miss of the personal connect came in a new era of personalized coaching, both online and offline.  

In matter of time, there were more than 150 tutorial apps online which were giving various services from personalized online coaching to subjective specific/class specific courses. This has suddenly opened up a lot of options for teachers and other members who are associated with teaching. Teachers, especially private tutors are highly in demand currently. In fact many teachers are opting out of traditional jobs of teaching in schools and colleges to teach online as private tutors on online platforms. 

This is not a very new trend. In fact in the last decade, we have seen a huge increase in tuition centres, private tuitions, home schooling and competitive exam coaching. In fact these courses and many of those targeted courses charges huge fees as compared to regular schools and colleges. There are dedicated chain of institutes for competitive exam preparations who pay good faculty members as good as any corporate job. This trend has already affected the traditional school and college system, with highly knowledgeable and capable teachers often moving into these coaching centres which cannot be afforded by the masses.  

The pandemic also affected these centres as most of them had physical mode classrooms. With students not being able to attend classes, they subscribed out of such tuition classes and preparations courses.  

Online platforms have made a major level playing field now and are giving these centres a stiff competition. Many teachers have adopted to platforms where they can directly teach students in live classes without being associated with any coaching centres. Similarly, there are many aps which have tied up with various universities to offer various certificate courses and also different exam preparatory courses at a fraction of price. These are most done by recorded sessions and students can pace their learning as per their wish. There are direct sessions for doubt clearance and also level check exams to further helps students.  

All these forums and platform are further diminishing the important of Teacher recruiting exams like SET, TET and College PSU. For students who used to complete their B.Ed. and M.Ed. courses before, these exam for appointment into Government schools and colleges, both for state and centre, were the most sort after and lucrative options. In fact every student would prepare for these exams from the beginning. If students would not be able to qualify such exams, which anyways had very limited seats, they would try to apply into some private schools and colleges. Unfortunately, most of these institutes are not under any governing body and thus never had any standardized fees for students or salaries for teachers. This led to many teachers being severely underpaid, making teaching not a very preferred career option.  

But post pandemic there has been a major change. Teachers are being appointed by start-ups like Byjus and Udemy as corporate employees who need to teach students. As per industry experts, this demand is going to shoot up as more and more students reduce their dependency on their traditional mode of learning.  

Experts today predict three potential trajectories for post-pandemic education: First is a return to the status quo. The focus shall be on remediating the learning losses, or an planned effort to reinvent teaching and learning to be more human. But while schools and institutes are trying to do so, efforts to return to as-is are already demonstrating problems. Schools are struggling with understaffing and a rise student stress levels. As a deficit-oriented approach, remediation fails to recognize that while certain learning goals were not achieved, students demonstrated incredible resilience and learned a lot from the experience. The third approach, a humane reinvention, builds on the strengths that students and teachers alike have demonstrated.  Though experts favor this third approach, they also  recognize that there are many barriers to change.  

The past experience of two years have reinforced the idea that teachers are capable of innovation, but the pandemic has left many too exhausted to take on new initiatives. Initiatives can be enjoyable and energizing when teachers are actively involved in shaping change that they believe will benefit them and their students. However, it will be hard to create such a continuous productive environment unless teachers feel supported and trusted by administrators, policymakers, and communities.  

To overcome these barriers as society recovers from the pandemic, education experts are  supports the idea of “strategic subtraction” in which old practices are “hospice” to make room for new initiatives. Some changes, like abolishing rules that do more to police student bodies and behaviours than to improve learning, are relatively straightforward. Students who have gotten used to an at-home learning environment and the associated autonomy are quick to point out that they can learn just as effectively while wearing a hoodie or enjoying a snack. Other changes, like remedying long-standing inequities in how schools access resources, will be more challenging. 

Career as a Researcher in Sociology

One can become Researcher in Sociology after completion of formal PhD degree, though becoming a researcher is a lifelong process. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)  in Sociology is a Doctorate Sociology course. Sociology is the scientific study of society. Sociology is the study of social life, behaviour, social interaction and social system. Students of sociology critically explain society through sociological perspectives and sociological imagination. The Ph.D. programme in sociology is founded on an advanced understanding of sociological theory, research methods and statistical inference. Studying sociology not only upsurges the understanding of human society but also systematically examines human social behaviour. Sociology helps an individual to understand him/herself and the surroundings by examining the pattern of social interaction and social relationships.  

PhD in Sociology at Adamas University offers a programme of research training in sociology under the supervision of experts in their respective fields. The minimum duration of the course is three years and the maximum is five years. The Programme enhances candidates’ academic value along with opening various career opportunities. The eligibility criteria for the PhD programme in Sociology at Adamas University are 1. Post-Graduate degree with minimum 55% marks, 2.  NET or RET Qualified and 3. Personal interview. The goal of the PhD program in Sociology is to train the research scholars with the skill of research followed by good publication. 

Research Scholars of Sociology have to complete course work program (one semester) followed by a research project leading to thesis submission. Coursework comprised of four papers -1. Research Methodology, 2. Computer Application, 3. Research and Publication ethics and 4. Advanced Sociological Theories and Research Methods. 

PhD in Sociology at Adamas University involves the following strengths of the program: 

Abundance in Social sector:  Research scholars in Sociology gets the opportunity to work on various social sectors that is community development, social problems and policies related to areas like child, youth, ageing, women’s, tribal issue and programmes.  

Interdisciplinary areas of research and provision of Joint supervisor– Research scholars are encouraged to choose interdisciplinary areas of research. The provision joint supervisor is available to encourage interdepartmental group activities. 

Regular presentation and report by the students– Research scholars in the Sociology department have to present their progress report every six months along with submission of the report. This process helps them to progress smoothly in their research project and gain confidence for presentation in front of other peers and experts. 

Flexible timing for guidance– Supervisors in the Department of Sociology at Adamas University are available round the clock for guiding their scholars in every step of their research. 

Part-time Research – Researcher scholars can do part-time research along with their full-time jobs in the education sector, corporates, or other areas. 

Time Management – One of the important elements of completion of PhD is to finish the work within the specific tenure and management of time is the utmost requirement for finishing the PhD on time. Supervisors of the Sociology department provide proper research planning and time frame. Scholars have to follow that time frame and it would become easier for them to complete the thesis within minimum of years (3 years). 

Assistance in Publication in UGC care and Scopus Indexed journals– Research scholars are provided constant support for their publication in UGC care and Scopus Indexed journals. They receive all the guidance from the supervisor starting from the selection of the journal, choosing a topic for publication, writing articles including citation and referencing and checking plagiarism through URKUND. 

Sponsored research and development projects –Research scholars have the opportunity to work under sponsored research and development projects from industries and other organizations both public and private sectors. Scholars have the facilities to work on funded projects and get a degree as well along with scholarship 

Opportunity for International Collaboration and Networking – Research scholars are allowed to collaborate with international universities for the presentation of papers, publications and fellowships. Research scholars are being facilitated by international networking and resource generation. 

Career after PhD – Research scholars in most the cases are involved in educational sectors and research organizations, but apart from that scholars also get the assistance for getting jobs in different sectors as Social scientists, Research Associate, Investigator, Demographer,  Research Fellow in projects, Policy Analyst, Urban Planner, Research Officer, Community Counsellor, Research Analyst and Programmer Evaluator in UGC, other Research Foundations,  Ministry of HRD, Ministry of Social Justine and Empowerment, Social Defence, Criminology and Correctional Administration, UNICEF, WHO etc areas.

Career Opportunities Post Pandemic in Human Resource Management

The COVID-19 Pandemic had been a disaster for the entire humankind. Over the period of two years, we had a horrific experience with huge loss of life, economic slowdown, and social dissociation – a distressful journey indeed. However, as darkness ends with the dawn, the COVID-19 Pandemic is expectedly going to end with new rays of hopes and aspirations. This pandemic has unfolded many new scopes and has paved the avenues for new learning and employment opportunities.  

As the global business with its international, national, and local dimensions wobbled during this pandemic, the most impacted component was the workforce with plenty of documented retrenchments due to feeble allocable reserves and surplus. It had been a catastrophe for the millions of families worldwide who lost their livelihood during this phase. However, there is an opinion that this virus-induced debacle had purged the unemployable section of the workforce retaining the competent and highly employable workforce only. 

This apparent challenge is the actual opportunity for the young and energetic community of prospective employees. This pandemic has made a paradigm shift in the work process. The emergence of paperless and internet-based work processes had been observed in both the industries – manufacturing and service. The employees had to unlearn many things and learn many new things to acclimatize to the new set of business processes. 

The use of information technology has become obligatory for the organizations in the present recession phase of pandemic, and the process demands more IT orientation of employees in the post-pandemic era. Business process integration is the new feature of any performing organization and the enterprise resource planning or ERP modules are being used by most of the market leaders. In addition to that, business analytics structuring the framework of presentation and analysis of data, and interpretation of results, has become an integral part of the business strategy formulation. 

The students of management – both undergraduates and postgraduates are exposed to immense career opportunities nowadays when the pandemic seemingly weaning off. Although the organizations are trying to return to their pre-COVID operational modalities, the aforementioned paradigmatic change will resist the full retreat toward the “old normal”. Hence, the business process has already taken a new shape of information technology orientation. 

 The undergraduate and postgraduate students of human resource management can pursue their careers in ERP operations. SAP AG, the world’s one of the most renowned ERP service providers recommends the employment of the management graduates who can work as the front-end user and can enter important human resource management data in the ERP. The clients of SAP AG, therefore, follow the above-mentioned recommendations and the demand for ERP front-end users is soaring high, both at the national and international levels. In this job, the knowledge of management operations and regulatory components (e.g. the country’s labour acts or codes) is essential. Therefore, undergraduate students with thorough knowledge of these HR managerial aspects will have career opportunities to work with prominent organizations. This opportunity is equally applicable to the other management domains also. 

The postgraduate students of HR Management can have the opportunity to function as backend support consultants for this SAP AG ERP. In this regard, they should be able to configure the structure of the HR operations through their IT skills and knowledge of human resource management. It is again not restricted to the domain of HR management only and shall be applicable for the other segments of management also. 

The second area of opportunity is in the domain of business analytics. The HR management has its own variant termed “HR analytics” where the generic features of business analytics will be preserved with specific application areas of HR operations. 

While companies have been using people and HR analytics for a long time, the roles within these areas are changing. HR analytics specialists, as a younger section of the HR community, sometimes face challenging career pathways both within and outside of the function. In view of that, the HR analytics experts must build analytical and technical competence in a field that frequently demands a high level of technical and managerial proficiencies. 

Domain experience in HR is a basic qualification for an HR analyst post. HRM courses or a foundation in industrial and organizational psychology are typically thought to be extremely useful. 

A background in economics, statistics, or analytics is also taken into account. People with these types of backgrounds bring a distinct set of quantitative skills that most HRM professionals lack. This background frequently necessitates additional HRM training. MS Excel expertise is a must-have talent. Most firms still use this and knowing how to combine worksheets and use Pivot Tables to analyse big amounts of data is commonly regarded as elementary. 

Work experience in HR is always advantageous, as is experienced with HRIS systems. Relevant experience with the organization’s tools and systems also works in employees’ favour. Tableau, PowerBI, Qlik, SAP, SuccessFactors, and more tools are examples. 

As far as the smaller businesses are concerned, they frequently struggle to find staff with the necessary abilities to assist them in making the transition from measurements to analytics to event prediction. According to Ms. Julie Schweber, of Society for Human Resource Management, this staffing gap will ensure opportunities for the undergraduates and postgraduates of human resources and other domains of management. 

Work From Home (WFH) and Work From Anywhere (WFA) are two emerging industry trends that will need a remote workforce and related digitization. HR workers will need to learn technological skills in cybersecurity and artificial intelligence in the future. In order to advance in an HR job, a student must re-skill himself. Human technology specialists, culture specialists, prejudice detection specialists, and other HR positions are possible in the post-COVID-19 period.  

Post-pandemic professions in Cyber Security

The epidemic caused significant employment losses and layoffs across a variety of sectors, with few or no new positions being filled. However, recruiting has started up again in some industries, which is a sign that the world has moved on from the pandemic.

“The pandemic helped us understand how important it is to digitise our records. Everything, from the job roles itself to the hiring process itself, has been shifted into the virtual platform. According to Ashutosh Seth, founder of Risebird, an edtech company that assists recruiting teams in completing the technical interviewing process, as a consequence, positions have evolved to deal and manage the enormous amount of data that has transferred on cloud platforms.

“There is a significant shortage of qualified candidates for tech positions such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), cyber security (CS), data analyst (DA), and coding developers (coders).” In addition to this, there is also an increase in the demand for people who work in the medical field as well as pharmacists, says he.

During the epidemic, there was a halt to any new employment, and there were even reductions in workforce size and layoffs. It was anticipated that once the pandemic was declared over, there would be an increase in the number of people getting jobs. According to Kamlesh Vyas, Partner at Deloitte India, “unfortunately, we have not seen that happening.” [Citation needed]

“This could be due to a number of factors since a number of businesses have incurred damages that are beyond repair and are unable to backfill their positions.” There aren’t many sectors that are still operating in the watch-and-wait mentality before investing in people. Because of the epidemic, many organisations have gained the ability to function with fewer employees as a result of automation, rationalisation, restructuring, multi-skilling, and other such practises, and thus do not see the need for aggressive hiring. However, according to Vyas, occupations in high-end technologies, such as artificial intelligence, analytics, cyber security, augmented reality/virtual reality, robots, cloud computing, and so on, would continue to be in demand during this period.

The epidemic has also brought to light the significance of developing automated systems. As a direct consequence of this, there is a greater demand for hardware engineers to automate the gear and devices that are already in use. According to Balasubramanian A, Business Head, Consumer and Healthcare, TeamLease Services, the professionals who will be working in the world after the pandemic would need to get themselves ready for the digital world and the more automated sector.

In addition to the obvious desire for IT expertise or occupations driven by technology, he notes that there is a demand for entry-level positions in field sales. These individuals are responsible for bringing the meal to the table. During the shutdown, a large number of businesses were severely disrupted, and many found it difficult to reach their ultimate goals. Now that a lot of businesses are attempting to get back on their feet, make up for any losses, and enhance their market share, those businesses are placing a strong emphasis on employing frontline sales employees.

According to a survey compiled by TeamLease, the average growth in salaries for sales profiles was found to be 7.41 percent, while the growth in salaries for R & D Analyst positions in the Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals industry was reported as 9.39 percent. The report went on to state that the increase in pay for the position of Automation Engineer in Information Technology and Knowledge Services was registered at 10.71 percent.

According to Balasubramanian A., in the world that has been left behind by the epidemic, businesses are now delivering professionals concrete benefits in the form of flexibility in regard to both time and location. Compared to a couple of years ago, when it came to giving in to the expectations of the employers, the businesses have been a lot more accommodating in recent times.

MA Education as a Career Option in Post pandemic era

Education the word has a different meaning. To a saint, it is to feel the presence of God, to an artist, it is to excel in the field of art, to a student it is the acquisition of knowledge. This is how it has been taken by the common man. But to the people from the stream, Education, it is somehow different from that. A thorough analysis of the Western and Indian concepts of Education says that it is a man-making process. It aims to develop the whole personality of the individual.

In the present context when everyone is running after excellence, the system of Education becomes more and more specific. So there are different streams, different subjects, and different specialties. Nowadays “Education” is being considered an independent subject. The students from the humanities stream can choose it as either a Honours or a Pass subject at their graduation level. After passing out graduation level with more than 50% in the subject, students are eligible to take admission to MA in Education.

MA in Education is a specialized Master’s Degree program that deals with the different aspects of Teaching and Learning. It equips the students with the necessary skills and techniques which are essential to know the learner and the learning process. It provides an opportunity to do research work to supplement and solve as well as to enhance the process of learning. It also provides scope to get direct experience by involving students in different field visits and project works.

School of Education, Adamas University, provides different types of student engagement plans to the MA, Education students.

Covid-19 has destroyed the general lifestyle of the people. It has a drastic impact on each and every sector of society. Many people became homeless and jobless and many have lost their lives so also the Educational system and the organizations. The students suffer a lot. Some institutions changed to the virtual approach immediately and some shifted gradually. So staying indoors with all kinds of social breakups developed depression among the young learners. Now anyhow society became stabilized. All are trying to be normal.

During this time there is a big question among the students regarding the career option. Which course they will choose? Which organization they would like to enter? What are the prospects in the present career?

In this situation, the students who will choose MA in Education, moreover in School of Education, Adamas University, will have greater career prospects.

MA in Education leads to Post Graduate degree in Education. So it is a door to enter higher education. The students after passing out MA in Education will have the following career options-

  • After completing the course the students will be able to appear for the NET/ SET examination in Education.
  • NET/SET examination will help them to try for Assistant Professor in any Government or Private Colleges or Universities
  • NET with JRF will help the students to do innovative and creative research work in the field of Education and to contribute various areas of theory and practices.
  • MA in Education with B.Ed. will help the students to appear School Service Examination for the Post Graduate Teachers.
  • Students with MA (Education), and a B.Ed degree can be a Post Graduate teacher in any Private Higher Secondary school under the West Bengal Board of Higher Secondary Education.
  • MA in Education with B.Ed. can appear for the School Inspector Service Examination under West Bengal Public Service Commission (Education Service)
  • MA Education and B.Ed. students can act as career counsellors in the Educational domain. They may start their own counselling service or they may attach themselves to any educational organizations.
  • As a start-up the students may start playschools of their own.

In a post-pandemic era, when everybody is running after to settle themselves and to grow and choose a perfect career according to their abilities, aptitudes, interest, and intelligence. It is a great challenge for them. So, for those who want to join MA in Education, there is an exciting career ahead of them. A number of facilities are open. More specifically School of Education, Adamas University along with providing a good teaching-learning atmosphere, course content, and faculty support, also provides international exposure through different faculty exchange programs, peer teaching different fall programs, and spring programs in collaboration with foreign universities, to boost students’ self-confidence and upgrade their knowledge. It also provides remedial teaching for slow learners.

So MA Education in School of education, Adamas University is a good career option for the students.

Career as a Machine Learning Engineer in the post-pandemic world

The entire globe has been facing an unprecedented challenge from the Novel Coronavirus, which has made the physical world come to a standstill and the world economy has been holding onto a thread due to this fatal pandemic. But the brighter side of this gloomy situation is that companies are finally appreciating and understanding the significance of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in the practical world. More and more brands are now taking up Machine Learning solutions for their business problems. Not only Machine Learning is used to combat the global pandemic but it has also come out as an important tool in constructing a better world post-COVID. Machine Learning has the capability of providing an understanding and early analysis of problems and prompt resolutions. This technology is used by the doctors and health practitioners to track the virus, identify potential threat to patients and predict the possible cure from disease. These reasons indicate that Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, both are here to rule and this can be an interesting career option for the aspirants who are passionate about data and numbers. Machine Learning has been at the forefront for all the advanced programmers who intend to develop intelligent systems that learn and apply knowledge. These programmers, better known as Machine Learning (ML) engineers, train systems with the help of complex datasets and algorithms.

Machine learning brief explanation

Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence, which combines Statistics and Computer Science to predict using different mathematical models. The predictive model can be based on like whether an image contains cat or dog, predicting credit card fraud detection etc. The main objective of Machine Learning is to take decisions based on predictive modelling. Hidden patterns across the datasets are extracted and useful insights about data are found out to drive important decisions, improve customer relationship based on feedback patterns or launch new business.

What are the pre-requisites for becoming a Machine Learning engineer?

A Machine Learning engineer requires to be proficient in a bunch of technical skills for building predictive models.

Below are given some of the primary components of the Machine Learning engineer role:

  • Data: The Machine Learning engineer has to understand the importance of data in predictive modelling. The data pre-processing is one of the important steps for constructing a Machine Learning model. Data has to be analysed and described in terms of the problem requirement. Good quality data is a necessary requirement in building efficient Machine Learning model.
  • Predictive Models: Machine Learning engineers need to construct the models designed by the data scientists, understand the model validation in order to get an essence of the estimation of value addition to the business and understand how to fine-tune these models to optimize them for the consumption by end users.
  • Software Engineering: They need to be efficient in coding back-end so that the models can be made available to users through a user-friendly API.
  • Efficient Scaling of Infrastructure: They need to keep the system prepared for scaling of infrastructure so that the system may not collapse when multiple number of users start operating their models.

Where is Machine Learning used in real life?

Machine Learning is being used in real life in many fields, industries or domains. Some of the application areas of Machine Learning are listed below:

  • Image Recognition: It is a popular and widely used application area of Machine Learning. This is used to identify an object from a digital image.

Some of the use-cases of Image Recognition:

  • Photograph-tagging in social media
  • Hand-writing recognition by segregating a single letter into component images
  • Speech Recognition: Machine Learning has the capability of translating speech into text.

Some of the use-cases of Speech Recognition:

  • Voice-based digital assistants like Amazon Alexa or Google Home etc.
  • Search based on voice
  • Dialling based on voice
  • Symptom analysis in healthcare domain: Machine Learning can help the medical practitioners to ascertain symptoms in diseases by leveraging the capability of chat bots. This is called symptom analysis which utilises the power of Natural Language Processing and text mining etc. to analyse the disease symptoms and predict the next steps to be taken as precautionary measures or remedial measures.

Primary objectives of a Machine Learning Engineer

Primary responsibilities of a Machine Learning engineer lies in creation of Machine Learning models and re-training models as and when required. Some of the common responsibilities of the role relate to:

  • Machine Learning system design
  • Implementation of Machine Learning algorithms and tools
  • Dataset selection and dataset representation methods
  • Verification of data quality
  • Accomplishing statistical analysis
  • Executing Machine Learning tests
  • Improving Machine Learning models by tuning of models by proper selection of hyper-parameters
  • Constructing Machine Learning apps as per requirement

Now, let us see the skill sets that are important for a Machine Learning Engineer.

Skill set of a Machine Learning Engineer

For becoming a Machine Learning Engineer, an aspirant should have the following skills:

  • Mathematical and statistical skills relating to subjects such as Calculus, Linear Algebra, Statistics etc.
  • Advanced degree in Computer Science, Mathematics, Statistics or a related degree
  • Master’s degree is desirable in Machine Learning, Deep Learning or related fields
  • Coding in programming languages like Python, R etc.
  • Skills pertaining to Software Engineering, Computer Architecture, Data Science and the like
  • Working experience with Machine Learning packages and libraries etc.

References:

  1. Rise in the demand for Machine Learning & AI skills in the post-COVID world, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/spotlight/rise-in-the-demand-for-machine-learning-ai-skills-in-the-post-covid-world/articleshow/75464397.cms
  2. Machine learning engineer (ML engineer), https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/machine-learning-engineer-ML-engineer#:~:text=Machine%20learning%20engineers%20design%20and,data%20engineers%20and%20data%20architects.
  3. AI/ML Remains The Most In-Demand Tech Skill Post COVID, https://analyticsindiamag.com/ai-ml-remains-the-most-in-demand-tech-skill-post-covid/
  4. AI, Automation and In-Demand Skills for a Post-Pandemic World, https://www.sigconsult.com/blog/2021/03/ai-automation-and-in-demand-skills-for-a-post-pandemic-world?source=google.co.in
  5. Artificial Intelligence in a post-pandemic world of work and skills, https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/news/artificial-intelligence-post-pandemic-world-work-and-skills
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