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Careers in Video Gaming Industry in Post-Pandemic World

When it comes to video games, there are a lot of speculations about them being addictive and detrimental. However, in this article, we will look at video gaming as a storytelling medium and most importantly how media and technology students can be a part of this industry and what it holds from the perspective of getting a successful career. Video games have always served as recreational entertainment tools. Most video games are played on consoles and there has been a lot of development in the gaming industry with more youth players engaging with video games. Moreover, Ed-tech companies are now investing heavily into animation and gamification, and also India overall is becoming the next international player in the domain of video game development with many game studios entering this market every year. As per statistics, the video gaming industry contributes more than 90 billion dollars worldwide. While in India, the video gaming industry has crossed more than the 1.1-billion-dollar mark.

Historically, gaming was more of recreational activity and was solely consumed for entertainment. This very demand for electronic digital entertainment grew exponentially and led to the foundation of big tech gaming companies. Primarily there are two types of gaming organizations one is the development studio and another one is the publishing studio. Game development companies are studios, where games are developed, while game publishing firms are companies that market, publish and distribute games across the world market. Over the last 20 years, the video gaming industry has grown multiple folds with new categories of companies coming up every year. Now the question is, why should you work for the video gaming industry? The answer is simply because video games have garnered a massive audience base, governments of various countries are now looking to innovate education through gamification and more gaming companies are coming up, providing alternative job opportunities in the entertainment industry. The fan base of popular video games can be compared with the fan base of the film industry.

With that being said, we might wonder what does it take to work in such a lucrative industry? What is the particular set of skills required to develop or publish games? Let us try and decode the specific requirements one is expected to have to work in the various departments of video gaming companies. When it comes to developing games there are two ways, one is technical and the other is non-technical. Under the technical set of skills, candidates are expected to know programming and scripting. Video games are made using game engines and most popular game engines require programming knowledge. Hence, it is always advisable to know basic programming to operate with a game engine. Popular game engines like Unity and Unreal are based on C# (pronounced as C-sharp) and C++ respectively. Programming knowledge is the core technical element of game development. Now coming to the non-technical area, particularly the front-end design and the artistic elements of a game. Skills in digital illustration, graphic designing, and creating UI icons based on graphic and vector illustration software such as Adobe Illustrator, and Photoshop, will come in handy. Apart from still graphics, games also need animation and motion graphics. Animation and graphics are further categorized under 2D and 3D. For 2D animation, it is recommended to learn software such as Krita, OpenToonz, and even Blender. For 3D modelling, software such as 3DS Max and Blender comes in handy and for 3D animation, it is recommended to have skills in Maya and Blender. Thus, the primary requirement to develop games will need skills in coding, 3D/2D, and animation. Furthermore, different games have different narrative elements and require narrative-building elements such as content, script, story, character, and even voice-overs. One can choose to become a game content writer, a motion capture artist, a voice-over artist, a music and sound artist, etc. Gaming companies also hire for other management and admin positions including, HR, Marketing & Sales, Public Relations, Client Servicing, Digital Marketing, Community Building, Customer Acquisition, IT and ERP, Business Development, Etc. These positions are also available in video game publishing companies.

To become a game developer, one has to have patience and a focused set of skills. The video game industry is also an equally competitive market and is entirely content-driven. So far there is no recorded monopoly in this sector and thus providing ample opportunities for growth. Anyone can be a game developer even those belonging from non-engineering and technology backgrounds. Digital gaming has come a long way ever since the early 60s, when it was first discovered in a physics lab, and continues to evolve further with integrated technologies such as Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, etc, hence any additional skills in these domains will be helpful for a successful career in gaming. Personally, I will always recommend anyone, who wishes to be a part of game development, learn game engines and begin with simple ones. In India, the video gaming industry is rising every year with new companies coming up in every Indian city. The Covid pandemic itself hastened the process of making most Indians digital converts, with a major number of users actively playing games on their mobile devices. Thus, Indian companies are now slowly realizing the full potential of digital gaming, becoming. Fortunately, for India, the biggest advantage is its massive youth population, which contributes immensely to the overall target audience count in mobile gaming. This huge market is very lucrative for a lot of foreign gaming studios that have started expanding into India and are actively hiring candidates from the local population for content localization and distribution. Game giants such as UBI Soft, Rockstar Games, Epic Games, and Unity Technologies have already made their presence in our country, as they have partnered with many independent game developers from the country and are helping them in publishing their games. Game-based marketing and promotion and gamification will possibly become the trend in post-pandemic India in sectors of Edtech, OTT, and E-commerce.

How has the Career Prospects of Teachers changed Post Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way people look at job markets globally during 2020. The short-term consequences were sudden and often severe: Millions of people were furloughed or lost jobs, and others rapidly adjusted to working from home as offices closed. Many jobs was classified as essential and such service people continued to work especially in hospitals, banks and grocery stores, on garbage trucks and in warehouses though with a lot of rules and protocols to reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.

Education was one sector which saw a drastic change and had to adopt to a new normal – Virtual teaching. Though schools and colleges were shut, learning and teaching had to continue as everyone realized that this pandemic would last more than a couple of months. So, teaching went online, and classrooms went empty. Students could have live or recorded classes as per their convenience. Learning thus went beyond boundaries of the four walls.

This trend had a disastrous effect of the jobs of educators. Many institutes downsized their staff as they felt that due to the absence of physical teaching, so many teachers were not required. Many colleges and schools had pre-recorded sessions which they could play multiple times without having to have a physical teacher. In a matter of months across the world, there were many unemployed teachers.

But that did change in a very short time. Students and parents realized the downside of online education. In the absence of a physical connect, personal doubts and questions were not getting answered. Also the students started to miss the physical classroom and peer group they were used to. Due to this miss of the personal connect came in a new era of personalized coaching, both online and offline.

In matter of time, there were more than 150 tutorial apps online which were giving various services from personalized online coaching to subjective specific/class specific courses. This has suddenly opened up a lot of options for teachers and other members who are associated with teaching. Teachers, especially private tutors are highly in demand currently. In fact many teachers are opting out of traditional jobs of teaching in schools and colleges to teach online as private tutors on online platforms.

This is not a very new trend. In fact in the last decade, we have seen a huge increase in tuition centres, private tuitions, home schooling and competitive exam coaching. In fact these courses and many of those targeted courses charges huge fees as compared to regular schools and colleges. There are dedicated chain of institutes for competitive exam preparations who pay good faculty members as good as any corporate job. This trend has already affected the traditional school and college system, with highly knowledgeable and capable teachers often moving into these coaching centres which cannot be afforded by the masses.

The pandemic also affected these centres as most of them had physical mode classrooms. With students not being able to attend classes, they subscribed out of such tuition classes and preparations courses.

Online platforms have made a major level playing field now and are giving these centres a stiff competition. Many teachers have adopted to platforms where they can directly teach students in live classes without being associated with any coaching centres. Similarly, there are many aps which have tied up with various universities to offer various certificate courses and also different exam preparatory courses at a fraction of price. These are most done by recorded sessions and students can pace their learning as per their wish. There are direct sessions for doubt clearance and also level check exams to further helps students.

All these forums and platform are further diminishing the important of Teacher recruiting exams like SET, TET and College PSU. For students who used to complete their B.Ed. and M.Ed. courses before, these exam for appointment into Government schools and colleges, both for state and centre, were the most sort after and lucrative options. In fact every student would prepare for these exams from the beginning. If students would not be able to qualify such exams, which anyways had very limited seats, they would try to apply into some private schools and colleges. Unfortunately, most of these institutes are not under any governing body and thus never had any standardized fees for students or salaries for teachers. This led to many teachers being severely underpaid, making teaching not a very preferred career option.

But post pandemic there has been a major change. Teachers are being appointed by start-ups like Byjus and Udemy as corporate employees who need to teach students. As per industry experts, this demand is going to shoot up as more and more students reduce their dependency on their traditional mode of learning.

Experts today predict three potential trajectories for post-pandemic education: First is a return to the status quo. The focus shall be on remediating the learning losses, or an planned effort to reinvent teaching and learning to be more human. But while schools and institutes are trying to do so, efforts to return to as-is are already demonstrating problems. Schools are struggling with understaffing and a rise student stress levels. As a deficit-oriented approach, remediation fails to recognize that while certain learning goals were not achieved, students demonstrated incredible resilience and learned a lot from the experience. The third approach, a humane reinvention, builds on the strengths that students and teachers alike have demonstrated. Though experts favor this third approach, they also recognize that there are many barriers to change.

The past experience of two years have reinforced the idea that teachers are capable of innovation, but the pandemic has left many too exhausted to take on new initiatives. Initiatives can be enjoyable and energizing when teachers are actively involved in shaping change that they believe will benefit them and their students. However, it will be hard to create such a continuous productive environment unless teachers feel supported and trusted by administrators, policymakers, and communities.

To overcome these barriers as society recovers from the pandemic, education experts are supports the idea of “strategic subtraction” in which old practices are “hospice” to make room for new initiatives. Some changes, like abolishing rules that do more to police student bodies and behaviours than to improve learning, are relatively straightforward. Students who have gotten used to an at-home learning environment and the associated autonomy are quick to point out that they can learn just as effectively while wearing a hoodie or enjoying a snack. Other changes, like remedying long-standing inequities in how schools access resources, will be more challenging.

Career as a Researcher in Sociology

One can become Researcher in Sociology after completion of formal PhD degree, though becoming a researcher is a lifelong process. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Sociology is a Doctorate Sociology course. Sociology is the scientific study of society. Sociology is the study of social life, behaviour, social interaction and social system. Students of sociology critically explain society through sociological perspectives and sociological imagination. The Ph.D. programme in sociology is founded on an advanced understanding of sociological theory, research methods and statistical inference. Studying sociology not only upsurges the understanding of human society but also systematically examines human social behaviour. Sociology helps an individual to understand him/herself and the surroundings by examining the pattern of social interaction and social relationships.

PhD in Sociology at Adamas University offers a programme of research training in sociology under the supervision of experts in their respective fields. The minimum duration of the course is three years and the maximum is five years. The Programme enhances candidates’ academic value along with opening various career opportunities. The eligibility criteria for the PhD programme in Sociology at Adamas University are 1. Post-Graduate degree with minimum 55% marks, 2. NET or RET Qualified and 3. Personal interview. The goal of the PhD program in Sociology is to train the research scholars with the skill of research followed by good publication.

Research Scholars of Sociology have to complete course work program (one semester) followed by a research project leading to thesis submission. Coursework comprised of four papers -1. Research Methodology, 2. Computer Application, 3. Research and Publication ethics and 4. Advanced Sociological Theories and Research Methods.

PhD in Sociology at Adamas University involves the following strengths of the program:

Abundance in Social sector: Research scholars in Sociology gets the opportunity to work on various social sectors that is community development, social problems and policies related to areas like child, youth, ageing, women’s, tribal issue and programmes.

Interdisciplinary areas of research and provision of Joint supervisor– Research scholars are encouraged to choose interdisciplinary areas of research. The provision joint supervisor is available to encourage interdepartmental group activities.

Regular presentation and report by the students– Research scholars in the Sociology department have to present their progress report every six months along with submission of the report. This process helps them to progress smoothly in their research project and gain confidence for presentation in front of other peers and experts.

Flexible timing for guidance– Supervisors in the Department of Sociology at Adamas University are available round the clock for guiding their scholars in every step of their research.

Part-time Research – Researcher scholars can do part-time research along with their full-time jobs in the education sector, corporates, or other areas.

Time Management – One of the important elements of completion of PhD is to finish the work within the specific tenure and management of time is the utmost requirement for finishing the PhD on time. Supervisors of the Sociology department provide proper research planning and time frame. Scholars have to follow that time frame and it would become easier for them to complete the thesis within minimum of years (3 years).

Assistance in Publication in UGC care and Scopus Indexed journals– Research scholars are provided constant support for their publication in UGC care and Scopus Indexed journals. They receive all the guidance from the supervisor starting from the selection of the journal, choosing a topic for publication, writing articles including citation and referencing and checking plagiarism through URKUND.

Sponsored research and development projects –Research scholars have the opportunity to work under sponsored research and development projects from industries and other organizations both public and private sectors. Scholars have the facilities to work on funded projects and get a degree as well along with scholarship

Opportunity for International Collaboration and Networking – Research scholars are allowed to collaborate with international universities for the presentation of papers, publications and fellowships. Research scholars are being facilitated by international networking and resource generation.

Career after PhD – Research scholars in most the cases are involved in educational sectors and research organizations, but apart from that scholars also get the assistance for getting jobs in different sectors as Social scientists, Research Associate, Investigator, Demographer, Research Fellow in projects, Policy Analyst, Urban Planner, Research Officer, Community Counsellor, Research Analyst and Programmer Evaluator in UGC, other Research Foundations, Ministry of HRD, Ministry of Social Justine and Empowerment, Social Defence, Criminology and Correctional Administration, UNICEF, WHO etc areas.

Career Opportunities Post Pandemic in Human Resource Management

The COVID-19 Pandemic had been a disaster for the entire humankind. Over the period of two years, we had a horrific experience with huge loss of life, economic slowdown, and social dissociation – a distressful journey indeed. However, as darkness ends with the dawn, the COVID-19 Pandemic is expectedly going to end with new rays of hopes and aspirations. This pandemic has unfolded many new scopes and has paved the avenues for new learning and employment opportunities.

As the global business with its international, national, and local dimensions wobbled during this pandemic, the most impacted component was the workforce with plenty of documented retrenchments due to feeble allocable reserves and surplus. It had been a catastrophe for the millions of families worldwide who lost their livelihood during this phase. However, there is an opinion that this virus-induced debacle had purged the unemployable section of the workforce retaining the competent and highly employable workforce only.

This apparent challenge is the actual opportunity for the young and energetic community of prospective employees. This pandemic has made a paradigm shift in the work process. The emergence of paperless and internet-based work processes had been observed in both the industries – manufacturing and service. The employees had to unlearn many things and learn many new things to acclimatize to the new set of business processes.

The use of information technology has become obligatory for the organizations in the present recession phase of pandemic, and the process demands more IT orientation of employees in the post-pandemic era. Business process integration is the new feature of any performing organization and the enterprise resource planning or ERP modules are being used by most of the market leaders. In addition to that, business analytics structuring the framework of presentation and analysis of data, and interpretation of results, has become an integral part of the business strategy formulation.

The students of management – both undergraduates and postgraduates are exposed to immense career opportunities nowadays when the pandemic seemingly weaning off. Although the organizations are trying to return to their pre-COVID operational modalities, the aforementioned paradigmatic change will resist the full retreat toward the “old normal”. Hence, the business process has already taken a new shape of information technology orientation.

The undergraduate and postgraduate students of human resource management can pursue their careers in ERP operations. SAP AG, the world’s one of the most renowned ERP service providers recommends the employment of the management graduates who can work as the front-end user and can enter important human resource management data in the ERP. The clients of SAP AG, therefore, follow the above-mentioned recommendations and the demand for ERP front-end users is soaring high, both at the national and international levels. In this job, the knowledge of management operations and regulatory components (e.g. the country’s labour acts or codes) is essential. Therefore, undergraduate students with thorough knowledge of these HR managerial aspects will have career opportunities to work with prominent organizations. This opportunity is equally applicable to the other management domains also.

The postgraduate students of HR Management can have the opportunity to function as backend support consultants for this SAP AG ERP. In this regard, they should be able to configure the structure of the HR operations through their IT skills and knowledge of human resource management. It is again not restricted to the domain of HR management only and shall be applicable for the other segments of management also.

The second area of opportunity is in the domain of business analytics. The HR management has its own variant termed “HR analytics” where the generic features of business analytics will be preserved with specific application areas of HR operations.

While companies have been using people and HR analytics for a long time, the roles within these areas are changing. HR analytics specialists, as a younger section of the HR community, sometimes face challenging career pathways both within and outside of the function. In view of that, the HR analytics experts must build analytical and technical competence in a field that frequently demands a high level of technical and managerial proficiencies.

Domain experience in HR is a basic qualification for an HR analyst post. HRM courses or a foundation in industrial and organizational psychology are typically thought to be extremely useful.

A background in economics, statistics, or analytics is also taken into account. People with these types of backgrounds bring a distinct set of quantitative skills that most HRM professionals lack. This background frequently necessitates additional HRM training. MS Excel expertise is a must-have talent. Most firms still use this and knowing how to combine worksheets and use Pivot Tables to analyse big amounts of data is commonly regarded as elementary.

Work experience in HR is always advantageous, as is experienced with HRIS systems. Relevant experience with the organization’s tools and systems also works in employees’ favour. Tableau, PowerBI, Qlik, SAP, SuccessFactors, and more tools are examples.

As far as the smaller businesses are concerned, they frequently struggle to find staff with the necessary abilities to assist them in making the transition from measurements to analytics to event prediction. According to Ms. Julie Schweber, of Society for Human Resource Management, this staffing gap will ensure opportunities for the undergraduates and postgraduates of human resources and other domains of management.

Work From Home (WFH) and Work From Anywhere (WFA) are two emerging industry trends that will need a remote workforce and related digitization. HR workers will need to learn technological skills in cybersecurity and artificial intelligence in the future. In order to advance in an HR job, a student must re-skill himself. Human technology specialists, culture specialists, prejudice detection specialists, and other HR positions are possible in the post-COVID-19 period.

Career prospects post pandemic in criminal law specialization

A career in law provides a wide variety of work prospects that include litigation attorneys, law firms, legal assistants, and many other legal executives. One of wishes to make a successful career in law, must begin from an undergraduate degree like B.A. LL. B, BBA LL. B, B.COM LLB, BSC LL. B, and then the postgraduate degree for example LLB, LLM.

This law field deals with the offense which is happening against society or state. It is one of the oldest branches of law and therefore, an incredibly thrilling one. It mostly involves terrorism, hate crimes, personal offense, international criminal law.

In India, during the harsh time of Covid 19 pandemic the crimes have increased at a very fast rate which included white collar crimes, crimes against women, cyber crimes and other cyber crimes.

White collar crimes are the most influential criminologist of the 20th century and also a sociologist, Edwin Hardin Sutherland, for the first time in 1939, defined white collar crimes as “crimes committed by people who enjoy the high social status, great repute, and respectability in their occupation”.

One of the emerging trends is increase in cyber-forensic in recent times. Cyber forensics is defined as “the collection and analysis of data from computer systems, networks, communication streams and storage media in a manner that is admissible in a court of law”

Cyber forensics per se involves the utilisation of knowledge of computers, computer systems, computer networks and the Internet i.e., it is primarily technical in nature.

Another violence that has been committed on women is the problem of Domestic violence One in three women worldwide experience physical or sexual violence mostly by an intimate partner. Violence against women and girls is a human rights violation.

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, emerging data and reports from those on the front lines, have shown that all types of violence against women and girls, particularly domestic violence, has intensified.

Criminal Law is just like a roller coaster ride when it comes to the point of work, it deals into interacting and interrogating the accused, witnesses, working around forensic reports, post-mortem reports, things found at the scene relating to the crime and more. As a Criminal law you can opt for private practice or work as a public prosecutor.

Criminal law is not only confined with Indian Penal code 1860 but it includes a wide range starting from penology and victimology keeping in mind Criminology and the best of all criminal psychology.

Penology is concentrated mainly with the concept of what sought of punishment should be imposed in case a person commits any crime within India.

Victimology is a subject mainly with the intention of compensation the victim in India and the sought of remedy they should get if any crime is committed.

Criminology is subject concentration mainly with studying of crime in India and analysing the reason for Commission of crime in India.

Criminal psychology is a subject which mainly focuses on understanding the psychology of the criminals and what goes around in the mind of the Criminals when they commit any crime.

Criminal law has become the need of the hour to flourish in India and it is only possible if post graduate courses are persuade in India

Criminal Law Specialization

1) Criminology and Forensic Science

2) Cyber Crime

3) Domestic Violence

4) Human Rights

5) Sexual Abuse

6) Crime against Women

7) Criminal Trial & Criminal Appeal

8) Murder, robbery, theft, and kidnapping

9) Bail (Anticipatory & Regular)

10) Criminal Revision and Criminal Quashing

11) Anti Hijacking Matters & Anti-Terrorist Matters

Criminal Law Scope in India

Due to the increase in criminal cases, opportunities in the field of criminal law are wide. The job of a criminal lawyer is basically to represent or defend his/her client who is accused in criminal cases. Criminal defence lawyer employed by the government is known as public defenders. They can also work as a private criminal lawyer. In public practice, the lawyer can work either for the Public Defender Service (PDS) or Crown Prosecution Service (CPS). Criminal lawyers initially start their careers by assisting a professional and renowned criminal lawyer. One can start working individually after gaining some experience.

A criminal lawyer plays the role of both advisor and advocates the clients. The work profile of a criminal lawyer in India is not so easy, it requires lots of patience to work on a case for long hours. Criminal Lawyers’ jobs mainly revolve around communication with the clients, collecting evidence & actual facts by interviewing the witnesses. They also interact with the police & research in detail about the case. After giving the Bar Exam, criminal law graduates can join a legal firm or they can start their own practice. They can also work at the session court, trial court, or the high court.

Criminal Law in India: Job Prospects

1) Government Advocate

2) Government Pleader

3) Additional Public Prosecutor

4) Criminal Law Practitioner

5) Lecturer

6) Standing Counsel

The scopes are unlimited and hence the scope has to be chosen very careful and thoroughly.

Recent amendments also open ways for a career in the field. On March 28, 2022, the Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill was introduced in the Lok Sabha. The Identification of Prisoners Act of 1920 is being replaced by this bill. The bill broadens the types of data that can be collected, the people from whom it can be gathered, and the authority that can authorise such collection. It also stipulates that the information be stored in a central database. Resistance or refusal to provide data will be considered an act of impeding a public worker from performing his duties under both the 1920 Act and the 2022 Bill. Here the need for data science professionals will be needed for collecting and storing of data of several persons. So, here also the scope expands for the professionals.

The emerging trend of blended learning – artificial intelligence and tech merged with law. Here, now a days after pandemic, as the crime got increased in higher rate, the artificial intelligence and technology is being used to control the crime and catch the criminals. So, here also with the criminal specialisation, many persons can join those institutions.

CONCLUSION

Building a career in the field of law necessitates an abundance of knowledge, abilities, and zeal. It necessitates social awareness. Over the course of a few months, the world has changed, and there’s no ignoring the fact that with those changes come changes in law, particularly in areas of law that are more significant than ever.

Because the workplace has evolved, employment law will expand to incorporate additional situations such as workplace conflicts over working from home capabilities, safe working environments in the office, and the employer’s duty of care in the event of future pandemics. There will be new definitions for flexible working and how businesses will decide what is appropriate. Over the course of a few months, the world has changed, and there’s no ignoring the fact that with those changes come changes in law, particularly in areas of law that are more significant than ever.

Legal tech, with a new need for digital solutions, litigation, with many companies in conflicts with customers over cancellations and delays, insolvency, with the inevitable economic downturn, mental health law, and family law might all experience development.

Clinching a Gleam of Optimism in Pharma Domain during Pre and Post Covid-19 era; Silver Lining in Dark Cloud

Prologues

The shadowy coronavirus eruption in the Chinese city Wuhan by December 2019, now called as COVID-19, and its reckless blowout to several other countries, jeopardizes thousands of lives, led to a medical emergency all over the world. The pandemic has catalysed the development of novel coronavirus drugs or vaccines across pharmaceutical, biotech companies and research organisations. Currently, there are no definite vaccines or treatments. However, there are numerous clinical trials by several pharmaceutical companies is ongoing to achieve a potential treatment.

Outbursts

“From an economic perspective, the key issue is not just the number of cases of COVID-19, but the level of disruption to economies from containment measures”

-Ben May, Head of Global Macro Research at Oxford Economics.

The virus outburst has transformed as one of the prime threats to the worldwide economy and financial markets. Several outbreak effects are:

Global stocks of hit
Declining crash of oil prices
High recession risk
Turn to advanced and fruitful technology
Hardest hit in tourism throughout the world
Visibility of lockdowns mere consequence
Unemployment of a large section of common people

Governments around the world have admonished workforces to continue from home whereas possible. The travel industry has been dreadfully damaged. Stockholders dread that the outbreak of the coronavirus will extinguish the economic growth and that governmental authority may not be enough to halt the decline.

Pharmacists and Pharmacies; the Frontline of Public Health

As an increasing number of countries and towns are in lockdown condition, millions of public are in isolation and are maintaining social distancing inside their homes. It has indeed observed all over the globe that the pharmacy professionals are acting frontline roles enormously. Pharmacists are a fundamental element of healthcare providing extraordinary services in the earlier pandemics and health calamity also.

Community pharmacists and their teams remain on the front of public health during the outbreak by serving as direct access for patients, keen-sighted patients and reducing the patients’ load on health practices. Community pharmacists also endure to play their uninterrupted action for consistent supplies of medication as well as other needful supporting. The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) has dispensed a pack of 10 synopses for guidance on COVID-19. Other pharmaceutical association has also providing guidelines and needful documents for the solidification and attentiveness of the community pharmacies as front line health care workers in the global health crisis.

Pharmacies around the world are one of the few places that are kept open for public service even during the strict lockdowns.

A Wakeup Call for Pharma Industry Globally

As economies around the world are suffering from the impact of Covid-19 and many business faces the challenges but pharmaceutical businesses captivating step in the Covid-19 fight. Such as Eli Lilly and Gilead are farsighted growth on the market and a novel torrent of invention in the communicable disease scenery as the treatment approval for a Covid-19 cure takes off. Other pharmaceutical companies also following ensemble during the Covid-19 pandemic and using their individual proficiencies to alleviate the cargo of coronavirus. As more clinical trials are performing, novel therapies may achieve. However, during this financial regression and global health fears, the contribution of pharmaceutical firms is on the mark and their impression on the competition against the virus will not be simply forgotten. The perception of large revenues coming from newly established drugs will face amplified inspection in a time of global pandemic as an outcome of communal and competitive pressures.

Pharmaceutical scenario in India

India is a chief provider of low-priced drugs all over the world and is truly recognized as the ‘Pharmacy of the World’. It ranks 3rd, worldwide for pharmaceutical production by volume, 13th by value and accounts for about 10% of the world’s production by volume and 1.5% by value. 50% of the United States’ generic drug needs are met by India. The Indian pharma industry aspires to become the world’s largest supplier of drugs by 2030. All major pharma industries have come all together to aid with knowledge and sharing information to safeguard production of medications critical to tackle coronavirus. Alembic is operating at 80% formulation capacity and its API plant is operational at around 60-70% capacity. Similarly, Zydus, a foremost manufacturer of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has already augmented its capacity to produce both the API and the other formulation manifold. Additionally, other reputed and other companies is also prioritising the manufacturing of drugs that are in high demand now, like azithromycin. A few weeks ago, Prime Minister Narendra Modi cleared HCQ supplies from India to countries like the US, Brazil and Israel.

Rays of Hope Amidst

The role and necessity of pharmacist is reshaping its approach towards society. Now Their true value is exposed due to their services towards masses including utmost care, psychological support etc.

There are substantial global exertions proceeding to diagnose, cure and avert infections from the virus. Pharmaceutical firms are working universally to battle Covid-19 from scientific data gained from eras of knowledge with comparable viruses and undertaking novel inventories of research to identify additional potential treatments for R&D.

References:

https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
https://thebluecircle.co/2020/05/04/covid-19-a-wakeup-call-for-indias-pharma-industry/
https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51706225 Bukhari, Nadia, Huma Rasheed, and Bismah Nayyer. “Pharmacists at the frontline beating the COVID-19 pandemic.” (2020): 1-4
https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/comment/covid-19-pharmaceutical-companies-impact/

Post-pandemic professions in Cyber Security

The epidemic caused significant employment losses and layoffs across a variety of sectors, with few or no new positions being filled. However, recruiting has started up again in some industries, which is a sign that the world has moved on from the pandemic.

“The pandemic helped us understand how important it is to digitise our records. Everything, from the job roles itself to the hiring process itself, has been shifted into the virtual platform. According to Ashutosh Seth, founder of Risebird, an edtech company that assists recruiting teams in completing the technical interviewing process, as a consequence, positions have evolved to deal and manage the enormous amount of data that has transferred on cloud platforms.

“There is a significant shortage of qualified candidates for tech positions such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), cyber security (CS), data analyst (DA), and coding developers (coders).” In addition to this, there is also an increase in the demand for people who work in the medical field as well as pharmacists, says he.

During the epidemic, there was a halt to any new employment, and there were even reductions in workforce size and layoffs. It was anticipated that once the pandemic was declared over, there would be an increase in the number of people getting jobs. According to Kamlesh Vyas, Partner at Deloitte India, “unfortunately, we have not seen that happening.” [Citation needed]

“This could be due to a number of factors since a number of businesses have incurred damages that are beyond repair and are unable to backfill their positions.” There aren’t many sectors that are still operating in the watch-and-wait mentality before investing in people. Because of the epidemic, many organisations have gained the ability to function with fewer employees as a result of automation, rationalisation, restructuring, multi-skilling, and other such practises, and thus do not see the need for aggressive hiring. However, according to Vyas, occupations in high-end technologies, such as artificial intelligence, analytics, cyber security, augmented reality/virtual reality, robots, cloud computing, and so on, would continue to be in demand during this period.

The epidemic has also brought to light the significance of developing automated systems. As a direct consequence of this, there is a greater demand for hardware engineers to automate the gear and devices that are already in use. According to Balasubramanian A, Business Head, Consumer and Healthcare, TeamLease Services, the professionals who will be working in the world after the pandemic would need to get themselves ready for the digital world and the more automated sector.

In addition to the obvious desire for IT expertise or occupations driven by technology, he notes that there is a demand for entry-level positions in field sales. These individuals are responsible for bringing the meal to the table. During the shutdown, a large number of businesses were severely disrupted, and many found it difficult to reach their ultimate goals. Now that a lot of businesses are attempting to get back on their feet, make up for any losses, and enhance their market share, those businesses are placing a strong emphasis on employing frontline sales employees.

According to a survey compiled by TeamLease, the average growth in salaries for sales profiles was found to be 7.41 percent, while the growth in salaries for R & D Analyst positions in the Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals industry was reported as 9.39 percent. The report went on to state that the increase in pay for the position of Automation Engineer in Information Technology and Knowledge Services was registered at 10.71 percent.

According to Balasubramanian A., in the world that has been left behind by the epidemic, businesses are now delivering professionals concrete benefits in the form of flexibility in regard to both time and location. Compared to a couple of years ago, when it came to giving in to the expectations of the employers, the businesses have been a lot more accommodating in recent times.

MA Education as a Career Option in Post pandemic era

Education the word has a different meaning. To a saint, it is to feel the presence of God, to an artist, it is to excel in the field of art, to a student it is the acquisition of knowledge. This is how it has been taken by the common man. But to the people from the stream, Education, it is somehow different from that. A thorough analysis of the Western and Indian concepts of Education says that it is a man-making process. It aims to develop the whole personality of the individual.

In the present context when everyone is running after excellence, the system of Education becomes more and more specific. So there are different streams, different subjects, and different specialties. Nowadays “Education” is being considered an independent subject. The students from the humanities stream can choose it as either a Honours or a Pass subject at their graduation level. After passing out graduation level with more than 50% in the subject, students are eligible to take admission to MA in Education.

MA in Education is a specialized Master’s Degree program that deals with the different aspects of Teaching and Learning. It equips the students with the necessary skills and techniques which are essential to know the learner and the learning process. It provides an opportunity to do research work to supplement and solve as well as to enhance the process of learning. It also provides scope to get direct experience by involving students in different field visits and project works.

School of Education, Adamas University, provides different types of student engagement plans to the MA, Education students.

Covid-19 has destroyed the general lifestyle of the people. It has a drastic impact on each and every sector of society. Many people became homeless and jobless and many have lost their lives so also the Educational system and the organizations. The students suffer a lot. Some institutions changed to the virtual approach immediately and some shifted gradually. So staying indoors with all kinds of social breakups developed depression among the young learners. Now anyhow society became stabilized. All are trying to be normal.

During this time there is a big question among the students regarding the career option. Which course they will choose? Which organization they would like to enter? What are the prospects in the present career?

In this situation, the students who will choose MA in Education, moreover in School of Education, Adamas University, will have greater career prospects.

MA in Education leads to Post Graduate degree in Education. So it is a door to enter higher education. The students after passing out MA in Education will have the following career options-

After completing the course the students will be able to appear for the NET/ SET examination in Education.
NET/SET examination will help them to try for Assistant Professor in any Government or Private Colleges or Universities
NET with JRF will help the students to do innovative and creative research work in the field of Education and to contribute various areas of theory and practices.
MA in Education with B.Ed. will help the students to appear School Service Examination for the Post Graduate Teachers.
Students with MA (Education), and a B.Ed degree can be a Post Graduate teacher in any Private Higher Secondary school under the West Bengal Board of Higher Secondary Education.
MA in Education with B.Ed. can appear for the School Inspector Service Examination under West Bengal Public Service Commission (Education Service)
MA Education and B.Ed. students can act as career counsellors in the Educational domain. They may start their own counselling service or they may attach themselves to any educational organizations.
As a start-up the students may start playschools of their own.

In a post-pandemic era, when everybody is running after to settle themselves and to grow and choose a perfect career according to their abilities, aptitudes, interest, and intelligence. It is a great challenge for them. So, for those who want to join MA in Education, there is an exciting career ahead of them. A number of facilities are open. More specifically School of Education, Adamas University along with providing a good teaching-learning atmosphere, course content, and faculty support, also provides international exposure through different faculty exchange programs, peer teaching different fall programs, and spring programs in collaboration with foreign universities, to boost students’ self-confidence and upgrade their knowledge. It also provides remedial teaching for slow learners.

So MA Education in School of education, Adamas University is a good career option for the students.

Biochemistry: An Integral Part of Drug Discovery

The on-going pandemic situation gave humanity a hard lesson- life is uncertain. Before the pandemic, we never seriously thought about this type of disease which could lead to such a global health crisis. Now, Covid-19 is a reality and it taught us that as the virus changed itself we must constantly change ourselves and be prepared for sudden battles. Humanity has a long history of fighting against deadly diseases like plague, malaria, polio, cholera, etc. and in all those battles our greatest weapons are drugs. In this article, we will see how biochemistry is an integral part of a drug discovery process.

Biochemistry is the amalgamation of chemistry and biological sciences. It brings together all of the sciences to study the chemical and physical processes that occur in living organisms. It truly is the science of life. Students of biochemistry learn various classical as well as modern subjects like stem cell biology, immunology, bioinformatics, genetic engineering, and many more. These subjects give them ample knowledge about the basic processes of life and that gives them the scope to explore properly a particular phenomenon in a living system. The mixture of chemistry and biology is a tremendous weapon for students for understanding the complex design of a disease-causing bacteria or virus. Applying these knowledge life-saving drugs can be developed by biochemistry professionals.

A drug is a chemical substance that, when administered to a living organism produces a biological effect. Drugs are also called medicine as it is used for treatment, cure, prevent disease, and promote good health. Drugs can be taken via different modes like inhalation, injection, ingestion, absorption via a patch on the skin, suppository, or dissolution under the tongue. So, recently discovered vaccines against Covid-19 are also part of modern-day drugs.

There are several phases of drug discovery and its commercialization; 1) Basic research for lead development 2) Preclinical studies 3) Clinical studies (different phases) 4) Review by regulatory authorities and approval 5) Pre and post marketing monitoring. In all these phases major roles are played by biochemistry people.

The first step of basic research consists of lead molecule discovery and its target identification which is totally done by biomedical scientists. During lead discovery, an intensive search ensues to find a drug-like small molecule or biological therapeutic, typically termed a development candidate, that will progress into preclinical, and if successful, into clinical development and ultimately be a marketed medicine. Generally, drugs are very specific in nature, i.e., they work in a specific manner on a specific type of cell or exo or endotoxins. So, first, to discover the lead, one has to find the type of cell or chemical substances on which the drug is going to affect, what’s the nature of the target.

The next step is the preclinical trial, which is a stage of research that begins before clinical trials (testing in humans) and during which important feasibility, iterative testing, and drug safety data are collected, typically in laboratory animals. This step requires multiple types of studies/tests like screening, tests on isolated organs and bacterial cultures, tests on animal models, general observational tests, confirmatory tests and analogous activities, mechanism of action, systemic pharmacology, quantitative tests etc. that are all done by Biochemistry people. The main purpose of preclinical studies is to accurately model the desired biological effect of a drug in animals [non-human primates] in order to predict treatment outcomes in patients (efficacy), and to identify and characterize all toxicities associated with a drug in order to predict adverse events in people (safety) for informed—preclinical testing analyses the bioactivity, safety, and efficacy of the formulated drug product.

After a proposed drug has gone through premedical trials, the next step is clinical trials. The main difference is while preclinical research answers basic questions about a drug’s safety, it is not a substitute for studies of ways the drug will interact with the human body. The biomedical persons design clinical trials, develop a study plan or protocol and follow them to answer specific research questions related to medical products. Before the trial begins, they decide who qualifies to participate (selection criteria), how many people will be part of the study, how long the study will last, whether there will be a control group and other ways to limit research bias, how the drug will be given to patients and at what dosage, what assessments will be conducted, when, and what data will be collected, how the data will be reviewed and analysed. Clinical trials follow a typical series of early, small-scale, Phase 1 studies [20-100 healthy/diseased volunteers], Phase 3 studies [Several hundred people with the disease], Phase 3 studies [300-3000 volunteers with the disease], and lastly, late-stage, large scale Phase 4 studies [Several thousand volunteers with the disease].

The next step is, review by regulatory authorities and approval of the drug. Drug approval processes are designed to allow safe and effective drugs to be marketed. Drug regulatory agencies in various countries attempt to rely on premarketing scientific studies of the effects of drugs in animals and humans in order to determine if new drugs have a favourable risk-to-benefit ratio. The manufacturer must provide the concerned authority review of all the test and study reports with detailed information about the proposed drug including usage of the drug to be effective, all the possible risks, and how to use it. Physicians and scientists of the concerned authority then review the drug research and the labelling information on how to use the drug. If the findings show the drug’s benefits outweigh its known risks — and that the drug can be manufactured in a way that ensures a quality product.

After the drug gets all the certification, the last step is Post-marketing monitoring. Post marketing drug surveillance refers to the monitoring of drugs once they reach the market after clinical trials. It evaluates drugs taken by individuals under a wide range of circumstances over an extended period of time. Such surveillance is much more likely to detect previously unrecognized positive or negative effects that may be associated with a drug. The majority of post-marketing surveillance concern adverse drug reactions (ADRs) monitoring and evaluation. Therefore, biochemistry people always get an edge in these type of drug developmental industry.

POST-PANDEMIC PROMISING CAREER PROSPECTS IN OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

Optical fiber is one of the medium and the technology which is mostly linked with the transmission of information signal. More than 90 percent of the world’s long-distance traffic is passed over optical fiber cables now a days as it offers high-performance data networking. Verizon and Google have explored fiber optics in their Verizon FIOS and Google Fiber services which is providing gigabit internet speeds to users. Another emerging area is optical sensing by optical fiber, with countless opportunities spanning many fields including environmental detection, biomedical sensing, and structural monitoring.

Photonics: A sub-discipline of Physics introduce the science of creating, sensing and monitoring photons or light particles

Photonics is the subarea of Physics where light emission, transmission, deflection, amplification and detection by optical components and instruments. Most significantly, whenever career opportunity on Photonics is point of interest, the other sub-component such as lasers and other light sources, fiber optics, electro-optical instrumentation, related hardware and electronics and sophisticated systems is very important. In brief, learning of optical fibersensor technology is sort of diverging your job opportunity in India, Europe and USA.

Optical fiber sensor Industry & Academic sector

Worldwide top ranked companies of optical fiber sensor technology are Organic Robotics, Aerodyne research, Interdisciplinary consulting, NKT Photonics, NP Photonics, Eagle etc. Techno-savvy world demands scientists, engineers and technicians with relevant qualification and experience of photonics. Making a career in optical fiber sensor field is stable and rewarding. Students of Photonics and Optoelectronics are fascinated as sales or service engineers in high-tech equipment industries; High scope as researcher or professional officers in universities, government and industry-research laboratories. There is opportunity as optical communications network support engineers and managers; and also, in defence research and development organizations.

Are you surprise! There are surveys during the past several years portrayed that European workers in the photonics industry are generally satisfied with their jobs, enjoy prolonged vacations and earn a better-than-average living with their highly specialized, technical knowledge.

Global Start-ups Venture of Fiber Optic Sensors2021-2027

Post-pandemic global market of Fiber Optics Sensor is reported in Research and Market.com (Fiber Optic Sensors – Global Market Trajectory & Analytics).Intrinsic Fiber Optic Sensors, is projected to record 8.6% CAGR and reach US$910.3 Million by the end of the analysis period. After an early analysis of the business implications of the pandemic and its induced economic crisis, growth in the Extrinsic Fiber Optic Sensors segment is readjusted to a revised 6.9% CAGR for the next 7-year period.

he Fiber Optic Sensors market in the U.S. is approximated at US$227.7 Million in the year 2020. China, the world`s second largest economy, is estimated to reach a projected market size of US$328.4 Million by the year 2027 trailing a CAGR of 12.1% over the analysis period 2020 to 2027. Japan and Canada, each forecast to grow at 4.3% and 7.1% respectively over the 2020-2027 period. Within Europe, Germany is forecast to grow at approximately 5.1% CAGR.This market growth will accelerate the job opportunities in the optical fiber sensor field.

Why this growth is expected? will it fetch career prospects!

COVID-19, the pandemic, restricted human life within their home, millions of people compelled to work from home and stuck to their computers than ever before. Eventually, now a days, without the help of internet life is difficult. Vodafone already declared in a recent article that data traffic increase by 50% in some markets. Online services are being obstructed, broadband downloading speed becoming low and FWA has limitation. So, continuous demand of optical fiber in telecommunication starts the growth of optical fiber industry.
After pandemic, demand of optical fiber sensor is expected to become more intense, particularly for applications in extreme environmental conditions in which electrical sensors fail to function as effectively. Examples of such applications include the oil & gas and manufacturing sectors.
The strong demand is expected in exploration of unconventional energy resources across the world. Ultra-miniaturized and power-efficient sensors promotion is predicted to contribute significantly to market growth. The market is also driven by applications such as crack monitoring in concrete-based structures.
Advancement of Fiber optic sensors in current scenario is faster and efficient means for identifying structural damages in civil constructions and aircrafts. Sensing intrusion in secured premises, identifying presence of oil in oil reservoirs etc. are the significant applications so far with optical fiber sensor.

These are the reasons why optical fibersonsor technology will continue to remain in focus of global R&D and commercialization efforts in these segments. Post-pandemic era will be demanding for more effective cleavers, low-loss splicers, multi-port couplers, intra-fiber devices, and mode-area transformers etc. Consequently, the associated companies, R & D sector of government and private sectors will create promising career prospects for the students.